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Historical Overview of Glycoanalysis

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Functional Glycomics

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 600))

Abstract

More than half of all human proteins are glycosylated. Glycosylation defines the adhesive properties of glycoconjugates and it is largely through glycan–protein interactions that cell–cell and cell–pathogen contacts occur. Not surprisingly, considering the central role they play in molecular encounters, glycoprotein and carbohydrate-based drugs and therapeutics represent a greater than $20 billion market. Glycomics, the study of glycan expression in biological systems, relies on effective analytical techniques for correlation of glycan structure with function. This overview summarizes techniques developed historically for glycan characterization as well as recent trends. Derivatization methods key to both traditional and modern approaches for glycoanalysis are described. Monosaccharide compositional analysis is fundamental to any effort to understand glycan structure–function relationships. Chromatographic and electrophoretic separations are key parts of any glycoanalytical workflow. Mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance are complementary instrumental techniques for glycan analysis. Finally, microarrays are emerging as powerful new tools for dynamic analysis of glycan expression.

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Acknowledgments

The authors were supported by NIH grant P41RR10888 and NIH contract NO1HV28178.

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  1. Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA

    Alicia M. Bielik & Joseph Zaia

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  1. Alicia M. Bielik
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  2. Joseph Zaia
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  1. Inst. Biological Sciences, National Research Council Canada, Sussex Drive 100, Ottawa, K1A 0R6, Canada

    Jianjun Li

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Bielik, A.M., Zaia, J. (2010). Historical Overview of Glycoanalysis. In: Li, J. (eds) Functional Glycomics. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 600. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-454-8_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-454-8_2

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