Skip to main content

Chemical-Genetic Inhibition of Sensitized Mutant Unconventional Myosins

  • Protocol
Molecular Motors

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology™ ((MIMB,volume 392))

Abstract

The construction of a sensitized mutant unconventional myosin is an excellent method for determining the function of the individual myosin against a background of related myosins with partially overlapping functions. In this chapter, we outline the steps involved in sensitizing myosin by mutation and screening them against panels of nucleotide analogs, including transfection, microinjection, and actin co-sedimentation in vitro. We also describe conditions and considerations involved in designing functional experiments after a mutant and cognate analog have been identified. The powerful strategy of chemical genetics, when correctly applied to unconventional myosins, enables both the specific and selectable inhibition of the target motor with outstanding internal controls.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Protocol
USD 49.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Sellers, J.R. (2000) Myosins: a diverse superfamily. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1496, 3–22.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Kalhammer, G. and Bahler, M. (2000) Unconventional myosins. Essays Biochem. 35, 33–42.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Richards, T.A. and Cavalier-Smith, T. (2005) Myosin domain evolution and the primary divergence of eukaryotes. Nature 436, 1113–1118.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Mermall, V., Post, P.L., and Mooseker, M.S. (1998) Unconventional myosins in cell movement, membrane traffic, and signal transduction. Science 279, 527–533.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Reck-Peterson, S.L., Provance, D.W., Mooseker, M.S., and Mercer, J.A. (2000) Class V myosins. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1496, 36–51.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Ostap, E.M. and Pollard, T.D. (1996) Overlapping functions of myosin-I isoforms? J. Cell Biol. 133, 221–224.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Coluccio, L.M. (1997) Myosin I. Am. J. Physiol. 273, C347–C359.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Reizes, O., Barylko, B., Li, C., Südhof, T.C., and Albanesi, J.A. (1994) Domain structure of a mammalian myosin Iβ (MMIβ). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 6349–6353.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Zhao, L.P., Koslovsky, J.S., Reinhard, J., Bähler, M., Witt, A.E., Provance, D.W., and Mercer, J.A. (1996) Cloning and characterization of myr 6, an unconventional myosin of the dilute/myosin-V family. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93, 10826–10831.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Specht, K.M. and Shokat, K.M. (2002) The emerging power of chemical genetics. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 14, 155–159.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Liu, Y., Shah, K., Yang, F., Witucki, L., and Shokat, K.M. (1998). Engineering Src family protein kinases with unnatural nucleotide specificity. Chem. Biol. 5, 91–101.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Habelhah, H., Shah, K., Huang, L., Burlingame, A.L., Shokat, K.M., and Ronai, Z. (2001) Identification of new JNK substrate using ATP pocket mutant JNK and a corresponding ATP analogue. J. Biol. Chem. 276, 18090–18095.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Gillespie, P.G., Gillespie, S.K.H., Mercer, J.A., Shah, K., and Shokat, K.M. (1999) Engineering of the myosin-I beta nucleotide-binding pocket to create selective sensitivity to N6-modified ADP analogs. J. Biol. Chem. 274, 31373–31381.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Holt, J.R., Gillespie, S.K.H., Provance, D.W., Shah, K., Shokat, K.M., Corey, D.P., Mercer, J.A., and Gillespie, P.G. (2002) A chemical-genetic strategy implicates myosin-1c in adaptation by hair cells. Cell 108, 371–381.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Provance, D.W., Gourley, C.R., Silan, C.M., Cameron, L.C., Shokat, K.M., Goldenring, J.R., Shah, K., Gillespie, P.G., and Mercer, J.A. (2004) Chemical-genetic inhibition of a sensitized mutant myosin-Vb demonstrates a role in peripheral-pericentriolar membrane traffic. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101, 1868–1873.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Gopalakrishna, R. and Anderson, W.B. (1985) Monovalent cation-insensitive hydrophobic region on calmodulin facilitates the rapid isolation and quantitation of calmodulin free from other Ca2+-dependent hydrophobic proteins. J. Appl. Biochem. 7, 311–322.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Lin, T., Tang, N., and Ostap, E.M. (2005) Biochemical and motile properties of Myo1 b splice isoforms. J. Biol. Chem. 280, 41562–41567.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Kron, S.J., Toyoshima, Y.Y., Uyeda, T.Q., and Spudich, J.A. (1991) Assays for actin sliding movement over myosin-coated surfaces. Methods Enzymol. 196, 399–416.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2007 Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ

About this protocol

Cite this protocol

Karcher, R.L., Provance, D.W., Gillespie, P.G., Mercer, J.A. (2007). Chemical-Genetic Inhibition of Sensitized Mutant Unconventional Myosins. In: Sperry, A.O. (eds) Molecular Motors. Methods in Molecular Biology™, vol 392. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-490-2_16

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-490-2_16

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-58829-665-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59745-490-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics