Skip to main content

Basic Protocols for Zebrafish Cell Lines

Maintenance and Transfection

  • Protocol
Circadian Rhythms

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology™ ((MIMB,volume 362))

Abstract

Cell lines derived from zebrafish embryos show great potential as cell culture tools to study the regulation and function of the vertebrate circadian clock. They exhibit directly light-entrainable rhythms of clock gene expression that can be established by simply exposing cultures to light-dark cycles. Mammalian cell lines require treatments with serum or activators of signaling pathways to initiate transient, rapidly dampening clock rhythms. Furthermore, zebrafish cells grow at room temperature, are viable for long periods at confluence, and do not require a CO2-enriched atmosphere, greatly simplifying culture conditions. Here we describe detailed methods for establishing zebrafish cell cultures as well as optimizing transient and stable transfections. These protocols have been successfully used to introduce luciferase reporter constructs into the cells and thereby monitor clock gene expression in vivo. The bioluminescence assay described here lends itself particularly well to high-throughput analysis.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Protocol
USD 49.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Klein, D. M., Moore, R. Y., and Reppert, S. M. (1991) Suprachiasmatic Nucleus—The Mind’s Clock. Oxford University Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Menaker, M., Moreira, L. F., and Tosini, G. (1997) Evolution of circadian organization in vertebrates. Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. 30, 305–313.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Reppert, S. M., and Weaver, D. R. (2001) Molecular analysis of mammalian circadian rhythms. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 63, 647–676.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Whitmore, D., Foulkes, N. S., Strahle, U., and Sassone-Corsi, P. (1998) Zebrafish clock rhythmic expression reveals independent peripheral circadian oscillators. Nat. Neurosci. 1, 701–707.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Yamazaki, S., Numano, R., Abe, M., et al. (2000) Resetting central and peripheral circadian oscillators in transgenic rats. Science 288, 682–685.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Whitmore, D., Foulkes, N. S., and Sassone-Corsi, P. (2000) Light acts directly on organs and cells in culture to set the vertebrate circadian clock. Nature 404, 87–91.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Vallone, D., Gondi, B., Whitmore, D., and Foulkes, N. S. (2004) E-box function in a novel period gene repressed by light. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101, 4106–4111.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Westerfield, M. (2000) The Zebrafish Book. A Guide for the Laboratory Use of Zebrafish (Danio rerio). Univ. of Oregon Press, Eugene.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Helmrich, A., and Barnes, D. (1999) Zebrafish embryonal cell culture. Methods Cell Biol. 59, 29–37.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Andreason, G. L., and Evans, G. A. (1988) Introduction and expression of DNA molecules in eukaryotic cells by electroporation. Biotechniques 6, 650–660.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Kinosita, K., Jr., and Tsong, T. Y. (1977) Voltage-induced pore formation and hemolysis of human erythrocytes. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 471, 227–242.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Sambrook, J., Fritsch, E., and Maniatis, T. (1989) Molecular Cloning. A Laboratory Manual. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Bradford, M. M. (1976) A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal. Biochem. 72, 248–254.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Lin, S., Gaiano, N., Culp, P., et al. (1994) Integration and germ-line transmission of a pseudotyped retroviralvector in zebrafish. Science 265, 666–669.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Dekens, M. P., Santoriello, C., Vallone, D., Grassi, G., Whitmore, D., and Foulkes, N. S. (2003) Light regulates the cell cycle in zebrafish. Curr. Biol. 13, 2051–2057.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Andreason, G. L., and Evans, G. A. (1989) Optimization of electroporation for transfection of mammalian cell lines. Anal. Biochem. 180, 269–275.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Neumann, E., Schaefer-Ridder, M., Wang, Y., and Hofschneider, P. H. (1982) Gene transfer into mouse lyoma cells by electroporation in high electric fields EMBO J. 1, 841–845.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Potter, H., Weir, L., and Leder, P. (1984) Enhancer-dependent expression of human kappa immunoglobulin genes introduced into mouse pre-B lymphocytes by electroporation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81, 7161–7165.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Toneguzzo, F., Hayday, A. C., and Keating, A. (1986) Electric field-mediated DNA transfer: transient and stable gene expression in human and mouse lymphoid cells Mol. Cell Biol. 6, 703–706.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Chu, G., Hayakawa, H., and Berg, P. (1987) Electroporation for the efficient transfection of mammalian cells with DNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 15, 1311–1326.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Reiss, M., Jastreboff, M. M., Bertino, J. R., and Narayanan, R. (1986) DNA-mediated gene transfer into epidermal cells using electroporation Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 137, 244–249.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2007 Humana Press Inc.

About this protocol

Cite this protocol

Vallone, D., Santoriello, C., Gondi, S.B., Foulkes, N.S. (2007). Basic Protocols for Zebrafish Cell Lines. In: Rosato, E. (eds) Circadian Rhythms. Methods in Molecular Biology™, vol 362. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-257-1_35

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-257-1_35

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-58829-417-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59745-257-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics