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Pharmacological Inhibition of Endocytic Pathways: Is It Specific Enough to Be Useful?

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Exocytosis and Endocytosis

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 440))

Summary

Eukaryotic cells constantly form and internalize plasma membrane vesicles in a process known as endocytosis. Endocytosis serves a variety of housekeeping and specialized cellular functions, and it can be mediated by distinct molecular pathways. Among them, internalization via clathrin-coated pits, lipid raft/caveolae-mediated endocytosis and macropinocytosis/phagocytosis are the most extensively characterized. The major endocytic pathways are usually distinguished on the basis of their differential sensitivity to pharmacological/chemical inhibitors, although the possibility of nonspecific effects of such inhibitors is frequently overlooked. This review provides a critical evaluation of the selectivity of the most widely used pharmacological inhibitors of clathrin-mediated, lipid raft/caveolae-mediated endocytosis and macropinocytosis/phagocytosis. The mechanisms of actions of these agents are described with special emphasis on their reported side effects on the alternative internalization modes and the actin cytoskeleton. The most and the least-selective inhibitors of each major endocytic pathway are highlighted.

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Acknowledgments

I thank Moshe Bachar for his excellent editorial assistance and Drs. Alex Mongin and Andrew Kowalczyk for their valuable comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by a Career Development Award from the Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America.

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  1. Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Division, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA

    Andrei I. Ivanov

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  1. Andrei I. Ivanov
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  1. Department of Medicine Gastroenterology and Hepatology Division, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA

    Andrei I. Ivanov

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© 2008 Humana Press, a part of Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

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Ivanov, A.I. (2008). Pharmacological Inhibition of Endocytic Pathways: Is It Specific Enough to Be Useful?. In: Ivanov, A.I. (eds) Exocytosis and Endocytosis. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 440. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-178-9_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-178-9_2

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-58829-865-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59745-178-9

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