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Origin and Actions of Neuropeptide Y in the Cardiovascular System

  • Chapter
The Biology of Neuropeptide Y and Related Peptides

Part of the book series: Contemporary Neuroscience ((CNEURO))

Abstract

The cardiovascular system is richly innervated by sympathetic nerves containing norepinephrine (NE) and neuropeptide Y (NPY). Although NE is considered a major sympathetic neurotransmitter and a primary mediator of cardiovascular functions, the role of NPY is not yet well defined. Over the last several years, evidence has accumulated to indicate that NPY is a sympathetic cotransmitter mediating vasoconstriction independently of catecholamines, as well as being a modulator of autonomic cardiovascular responses (reviews: 1–4). NPY is also abundant in epinephrine-containing chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla (5) and, under some conditions, may be secreted into the circulation as an adreno-medullary hormone (6). Finally, our (7) and other (8) recent data indicate the extraneuronal presence of NPY, e.g., in platelets, where it may subserve autocrine and paracrine functions in platelet—vascular interactions. Thus, there are at least three potential sources for circulating NPY: the sympathetic nerves, the adrenal medulla, and platelets. The first purpose of this chapter is to discuss the release of NPY from different sources into the cardiovascular system in humans and in other mammalian species, in physiological situations, such as stress, and in disease states, such as hypertension.

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Authors
  1. Zofia Zukowska-Grojec
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  2. Claes Wahlestedt
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

    William F. Colmers

  2. Department of Neurology, Cornell University Medical College, New York, NY, USA

    Claes Wahlestedt

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Zukowska-Grojec, Z., Wahlestedt, C. (1993). Origin and Actions of Neuropeptide Y in the Cardiovascular System. In: Colmers, W.F., Wahlestedt, C. (eds) The Biology of Neuropeptide Y and Related Peptides. Contemporary Neuroscience. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-465-8_8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-465-8_8

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