Abstract
This chapter is a systematic review of the studies that have used virtual reality (VR) as an assessment or a rehabilitation tool of cognitive functions following traumatic brain injury (TBI). To be part of this review, publications must have collected data from individuals who have sustained a TBI, and must have been published between 1980 and 2017. A total of 32 publications were selected from a possible set of 254 articles that were identified in the following databases: Academic Search Complete, CINAHL, Computers & Applied Sciences, ERIC, MEDLINE, PsychINFO, FRANCIS, Psychological and Behavioural Sciences Collection. Most of the selected studies focused on the following cognitive functions: attention, memory and learning, spatial navigation, multitasking (including prospective memory and executive functions). In these studies, VR has been used for assessment/screening of cognitive impairments as well as for rehabilitation/remediation of cognitive dysfunction due to brain lesions. All the studies examined support the value and relevance of VR as an assessment and rehabilitation tool with individuals who have sustained a TBI. Moreover, VR seems to be an ecologically valid approach that has the potential of re-thinking neuropsychology regarding assessment and rehabilitation. In this way, since the virtual environment mimics everyday contexts, the possibility of improving cognitive function as well as facilitating generalizations in everyday living increases. However, it is important to pursue work (research & development) in this emergent field in neuropsychology in order to develop and to validate psychometrically these new assessment and rehabilitation tools.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Allain, P., Foloppe, D. A., Besnard, J., Yamaguchi, T., Etcharry-Bouyx, F., Le Gall, D., et al. (2014). Detecting everyday action deficits in Alzheimer’s disease using a nonimmersive virtual reality kitchen. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 20(5), 468–477.
Anderson, T. M., & Knight, R. G. (2010). The long-term effects of traumatic brain injury on the coordinative function of the central executive. Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology, 32(10), 1074–1082.
Ang, C. S., Zaphiris, P., & Mahmood, S. (2007). A model of cognitive loads in massively multiplayer online role playing games. Interacting with Computers, 19, 167–179.
Arvind Pala, P., N’Kaoua, B., Mazaux, J. M., Simion, A., Lozes, S., Sorita, E., et al. (2014). Everyday-like memory and its cognitive correlates in healthy older adults and in young patients with traumatic brain injury: A pilot study based on virtual reality. Disability and Rehabilitation. Assistive Technology, 9(6), 463–473.
Averbuch, S., & Katz, N. (2011). Cognitive rehabilitation: A retraining model for clients with neurological disabilities. In N. Katz (Ed.), Cognition, occupation, and participation along the life span. Neuroscience, neurorehabilitation and models for intervention in occupational therapy (3rd ed., pp. 277–298). Bethesda: AOTA Press.
Bacim, F., Kopper, R., & Bowman, D. A. (2013). Design and evaluation of 3D selection techniques based on progressive refinement. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 71, 785–802.
Banville, F., & Nolin, P. (2012). Using virtual reality to assess prospective memory and executive functions after traumatic brain injury. Journal of Cybertherapy and Rehabilitation, 5(1), 45–55.
Banville, F., Nolin, P., Cloutier, J., & Bouchard, S. (2007). Description of the virtual multitasking test (V-MT). Conférence présentée au Virtual Rehabilitation Conference: From Vision to Reality, Edmonton.
Banville, F., Nolin, P., Lalonde, S., Henry, M., Dery, M.-P., & Villemure, R. (2010). Multitasking and prospective memory: Can virtual reality be useful for diagnosis? Behavioural Neurology, 23(4), 209–211.
Banville, F., Couture, J. F., Verhulst, E., Besnard, J., Richard, P., & Allain, P. (2017, July). Using virtual reality to assess the elderly: The impact of human-computer interfaces on cognition. In International conference on human interface and the management of information (pp. 113–123). Cham: Springer.
Barrash, J., Tranel, D., & Damasion, H. (1993). Standardization and validation of a route learning test. Journal of clinical neuropsychologist, 15, 66.
Besnard, J., Richard, P., Banville, F., Nolin, P., Aubin, G., Le Gall, D., et al. (2016). Virtual reality and neuropsychological assessment: The reliability of a virtual kitchen to assess daily-life activities in victims of traumatic brain injury. Applied Neuropsychology. Adult, 23(3), 223–235. https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2015.1048514.
Bisson, E., Contant, B., Sveistrup, H., & Lajoie, Y. (2007). Functional balance and dual-task reaction times in older adults are improved by virtual reality and biofeedback training. Cyberpsychology & Behavior, 10(1), 16–23.
Bowman, D. A., Kruijff, E., LaViola, J. J., & Poupyrev, I. (2004). 3D user interfaces: Theory and practice. Redwood: Addison Wesley Longman Publishing Co., Inc..
Caglio, M., Latini-Corazzini, L., D’agata, F., Cauda, F., Sacco, K., Monteverdi, S., et al. (2009). Video game play changes spatial and verbal memory: Rehabilitation of a single case with traumatic brain injury. Cognitive Processing, 10(Suppl2), S195–S197.
Caglio, M., Latini-Corazzini, L., D’Agata, F., Cauda, F., Sacco, K., Monteverdi, S., et al. (2012). Virtual navigation for memory rehabilitation in a traumatic brain injured patient. Neurocase (Psychology Press), 18(2), 123–131.
Canty, A. L., Fleming, J., Patterson, F., Green, H. J., Man, D., & Shum, D. H. K. (2014). Evaluation of a virtual reality prospective memory task for use with individuals with severe traumatic brain injury. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 24(2), 238–265.
Cassidy, J. D., Carroll, L. J., Peloso, P. M., Borg, J., von Holst, H., Holm, L., et al. (2004). Incidence, risk factors and prevention of mild traumatic brain injury: Results of the who collaborating centre task force on mild traumatic brain injury. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine (Taylor & Francis Ltd), 36, 28–60.
Chanquoy, L., Tricot, A., & Sweller, J. (2007). La charge cognitive: Théorie et application. Armand Collin éditeur.
Chen, J., & Or, C. (2017). Assessing the use of immersive virtual reality, mouse and touchscreen in pointing and dragging-and-dropping tasks among young, middle-aged and older adults. Applied Ergonomics, 65, 437–448.
Christiansen, C., Abreu, B., Ottenbacher, K., Huffman, K., Masel, B., & Culpepper, R. (1998). Task performance in virtual environments used for cognitive rehabilitation after traumatic brain injury. Archives of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 79(8), 888–892.
Cicourel, A. V. (2004). Cognitive overload and communication in two healthcare settings. Communication & Medicine, 1(1), 35–43.
Cooper, G. (1998). Cognitive load theory & instructional design at UNSW: Research into cognitive load theory and instructional design at UNSW [Electronic Version] from http://projects.ict.usc.edu/itw/materials/clark/UNSW.htm. Retrieved 2013-10-01.
Crosbie, J. H., Lennon, S., Basford, J. R., & McDonough, S. M. (2007). Virtual reality in stroke rehabilitation: Still more virtual than real. Disability & Rehabilitation, 29(14), 1139–1146.
Doolittle, P. E. (2002). Multimedia learning: Empirical results and practical applications. Paper presented at the Irish educational technology users’ conference, Carlow.
Dvorkin, A. Y., Ramaiya, M., Larson, E. B., Zollman, F. S., Hsu, N., Pacini, S., et al. (2013). A “virtually minimal” visuo-haptic training of attention in severe traumatic brain injury. Journal of Neuroengineering and Rehabilitation, 10, 92–92.
Erez, N., Weiss, P. L., Kizony, R., & Rand, D. (2013). Comparing performance within a virtual supermarket of children with traumatic brain injury to typically developing children: A pilot study. OTJR: Occupation, Participation And Health, 33(4), 218–227.
Eysenck, M. W., & Calvo, M. G. (1992). Anxiety and performance: The processing efficiency theory. Cognition and Emotion, 6, 409–434.
Fay, T. B., Yeates, K. O., Wade, S. L., Drotar, D., Stancin, T., & Taylor, H. G. (2009). Predicting longitudinal patterns of functional deficits in children with traumatic brain injury (English). Neuropsychology, 23(3), 271–282.
Feinberg, S., & Murphy, M. (2000). Applying cognitive load theory to the design of web-based instruction. In Professional Communication Conference. Proceedings of 2000 Joint IEEE International and 18th Annual Conference on Computer Documentation (IPCC/SIGDOC 2000).
Fitts, P. M. (1954). The information capacity of the human motor system in controlling the amplitude of movement. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 47, 381–391.
Flanagan, S. R., Cantor, J. B., & Ashman, T. A. (2008). Traumatic brain injury: Future assessment tools and treatment prospects. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 4(5), 877–892.
Fleming, J., Riley, L., Gill, H., Gullo, M. J., Strong, J., & Shum, D. (2008). Predictors of prospective memory in adults with traumatic brain injury. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 14, 823–831.
Gamito, P., Oliveira, J., Pacheco, J., Morais, D., Saraiva, T., Lacerda, R., et al. (2010). Traumatic brain injury memory training: A virtual reality online solution. Proc. 8th International Conference Disability, Virtual Reality & Associated technologies. Vina del Mar/Valparaiso 31 Aug.-2 Sept. 79–84.
Gonçalves, A., & Cameirão, M. (2016). Evaluating body tracking interaction in floor projection displays with an elderly population. Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Physiological Computing Systems, (PhyCS), 24–32.
Grealy, M. A., Johnson, D. A., & Rushton, S. K. (1999). Improving cognitive function after brain injury: The use of exercise and virtual reality. Archives of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 80(6), 661–667.
Greenwood, K. E., Morris, R., Smith, V., Jones, A. M., Pearman, D., & Wykes, T. (2015). Virtual shopping: A viable alternative to direct assessment of real life function? Schizophrenia Research, 172(1–3), 206–210.
Groot, Y. C. T., Wilson, B. A., Evans, J., & Watson, P. (2002). Prospective memory functioning in people with and without brain injury. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 8, 645–654.
Guo, Q., & Agichtein, E. (2008). Exploring mouse movements for inferring query intent. In 31st annual international ACM SIGIR conference on research and development in information retrieval (pp. 707–708). https://doi.org/10.1145/1390334.1390462.
Hoffman, S. W., Shesko, K., & Harrison, C. R. (2010). Enhanced neurorehabilitation techniques in the DVBIC assisted living pilot project. NeuroRehabilitation, 26(3), 257–269.
Inkpen, K. M. (2001). Drag-and-drop versus point-and-click mouse interaction styles for children. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction, 8(1), 1–33.
Jacoby, M., Averbuch, S., Sacher, Y., Katz, N., Weiss, P. L., & Kizony, R. (2013). Effectiveness of executive functions training within a virtual supermarket for adults with traumatic brain injury: A pilot study. IEEE Transactions On Neural Systems And Rehabilitation Engineering: A Publication Of The IEEE Engineering In Medicine And Biology Society, 21(2), 182–190.
Kinch, J., & McDonald, S. (2001). Traumatic brain injury and prospective memory: An examination of the influence of executive functioning and retrospective memory. Brain Impairment, 2, 119–130.
Kinsella, G., Murtagh, D., Landry, A., Homfray, K., Hammond, M., O’Beirne, L., Dwyer, L., Lamont, M., & Ponsford, J. (1996). Everyday memory following traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury, 10, 499–507.
Kinsella, G. J., Ong, B., & Tucker, J. (2009). Traumatic brain injury and prospective memory in a virtual shopping trip task: Does it matter who generates the prospective memory target? Brain Impairment, 10(1), 45–51.
Kizony, R., Levin, M. F., Hughey, L., Perez, C., & Fung, J. (2010). Cognitive load and dual-task performance during locomotion post-stroke: A faisability study using a functional virtual environment. Physical Therapy, 90(2), 252–260.
Kliegel, M., Eschen, A., & Thöne-Otto, A. I. T. (2004). Planning and realization of complex intentions in traumatic brain injury and normal aging. Brain and Cognition, 56, 43–54.
Knight, R. G., Harnett, M., & Titov, N. (2005). The effects of traumatic brain injury on the predicted and actual performance of a test of prospective remembering. Brain Injury, 19, 27–38.
Knight, R. G., Titov, N., & Crawford, M. (2006). The effects of distraction on prospective remembering following traumatic brain injury assessed in a simulated naturalistic environment. Journal Of The International Neuropsychological Society: JINS, 12(1), 8–16.
Kubota, Y., Yamaguchi, T., Harada, T., Verhulst, E., & Richard, P. (2016). Association between human error and heart rate variability in virtual reality-based IADL the preliminary study for MCI characterization proceeding: International workshop on advanced image technology (IWAIT). Penang.
Langlois, J. A., Rutland-Brown, W., & Wald, M. M. (2006). The epidemiology and impact of traumatic brain injury: A brief overview. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 21(5), 375–378.
Larson, E. B., Ramaiya, M., Zollman, F. S., Pacini, S., Hsu, N., Patton, J. L., & Dvorkin, A. Y. (2011). Tolerance of a virtual reality intervention for attention remediation in persons with severe TBI. Brain Injury, 25(3), 274–281.
Lee, J. (2011). Attention functioning in children following mild closed head injury: The importance of prospective sampling. (72), ProQuest Information & Learning, US.
Lengenfelder, J., Schultheis, J. T., Al-Shihabi, T., Mourant, R., & DeLuca, J. (2002). Divided attention and driving: A pilot study using virtual reality technology. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 17(1), 26–37.
Livingstone, S. A., & Skelton, R. W. (2007). Virtual environment navigation tasks and the assessment of cognitive deficits in individuals with brain injury. Behavioural Brain Research, 185(1), 21–31.
MacKenzie, I. S., Sellen, A., & Buxton, W. (1991). A comparison of input devices in elemental pointing and dragging tasks. In Proceedings of the CHI `91 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 161–166). New York: ACM.
Man, D. W. K., Poon, W. S., & Lam, C. (2013). The effectiveness of artificial intelligent 3-D virtual reality vocational problem-solving training in enhancing employment opportunities for people with traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury: [BI], 27(9), 1016–1025.
Martin, C., & Nolin, P. (2009). La réalité virtuelle comme nouvelle approche évaluative en neuropsychologie: L’exemple de la classe virtuelle avec des enfants ayant subi un traumatisme cranio-cérébral. A.N.A.E. Approche Neuropsychologique des Apprentissages chez l’Enfant, 21(101), 28–32.
Martínez-Pernía, D., Nú ñez-Huasaf, J., del Blanco, A., Ruiz-Tagle, A., Velásquez, J., Gomez, M., Robert Blesius, C., Ibañez, A., Fernández-Manjón, B., & Slachevsky, A. (2017). Using game authoring platforms to develop screen-based simulated functional assessments in persons with executive dysfunction following traumatic brain injury. Journal of Biomedical Informatics, 74, 71–84.
Matheis, R. J. (2004). Expanding the boundaries of neuropsychology: The application of vr for memory assessment. (64), ProQuest Information & Learning, US.
Matheis, R. J., Schultheis, M. T., Tiersky, L. A., DeLuca, J., Millis, S. R., & Rizzo, A. (2007). Is learning and memory different in a virtual environment? The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 21(1), 146–161.
Mathias, J. L., & Mansfield, K. M. (2005). Prospective and declarative memory problems following moderate and severe traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury, 19, 271–282.
Mayer, R. E. (2001). Multimedia learning (pp. 403–405). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
McGeorge, P., Phillips, L. H., Crawford, J. R., Garden, S. E., Della Sala, S., Milne, A. B., et al. (2001). Using virtual environments in the assessment of executive dysfunction. Presence: Teleoperators & Virtual Environments, 10(4), 375–383.
Mioni, G., Rendell, P. G., Henry, J. D., Cantagallo, A., & Stablum, F. (2013). An investigation of prospective memory functions in people with traumatic brain injury using virtual week. Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology, 35(6), 617–630.
Mioni, G., Stablum, F., Biernacki, F., & Rendel, P. G. (2015). Virtual week: Translation and adaptation for the Italian population. Neuropsychological rehabilitation, Nov. (2), 1–21.
Morganti, F. (2004). Virtual interaction in cognitive neuropsychology. Studies in Health Technology and Informatics, 99, 55–70.
Morris, R. G., Kotitsa, M., Bramham, J., Brooks, B., & Rose, F. D. (2002). Virtual reality investigation of strategy formation, rule breaking and prospective memory in patients with focal prefrontal neurosurgical lesions. Proceedinds 4th international conference disability, virtual reality and association technology, Hungry, 101–108.
Nelson, B. C., & Erlandson, B. (2008). Managing cognitive load in educational multi-user virtual environments: Reflection on design practice. Education Technology Research Development, 56, 619–641.
Nolin, P., Martin, C., & Bouchard, S. (2009). Assessment of inhibition deficits with the virtual classroom in children with traumatic brain injury: A pilot-study. Annual Review of Cybertherapy and Telemedicine, 7, 240–242.
Nolin, P., Stipanicic, A., Henry, M., Joyal, C. C., & Allain, P. (2012). Virtual reality as a screening tool for sports concussion in adolescents. Brain Injury, 26(13/14), 1564–1573.
Norman, D. A., & Shallice, T. (1986). Attention to action: Willed and automatic control of behaviour. In R. J. Davidson, G. E. Schwartz, & D. Shapiro (Eds.), Consciousness and self-regulation: Advances in research and theory. New York: Plenum Press.
Paas, F., Tuovinen, J. E., Tabbers, H., & Gerven, P. W. M. V. (2003). Cognitive load measurement as a means to advance cognitive load theory. Educational Psychologist, 38(1), 63–71.
Pietrzak, E., Pullman, S., & McGuire, A. (2014). Using virtual reality and videogames for traumatic brain injury rehabilitation: A structured literature review. Games for Health Journal, 3(4), 202–214.
Pinkston, J. B., Santa Maria, M. P., & Davis, R. D. (2000). Long-term outcome following moderate traumatic brain injury at age 3 months. Brain and Cognition, 44(1), 71–74.
Pratt, D. R., Zyda, M., & Kelleher, K. (1995). Virtual reality: In the mind of the beholder. IEEE Computer, 28(7), 17–19.
Rand, D., Basha-Abu Rukan, S., Weiss, P. L., & Katz, N. (2009). Validation of the virtual MET as an assessment tool for executive functions (English). Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 19(4), 583–602.
Renison, B., Ponsford, J., Testa, R., Richardson, B., & Brownfield, K. (2012). The ecological and construct validity of a newly developed measure of executive function: The virtual library task. Journal Of The International Neuropsychological Society: JINS, 18(3), 440–450.
Rizzo, A. A., Buckwalter, J. G., Bowerly, T., Van Der Zaag, C., Humphrey, L., Neumann, U., et al. (2000). The virtual classroom: A virtual reality environment for the assessment and rehabilitation of attention deficits. Cyberpsychology & Behavior, 3(3), 483–499.
Rose, F. D., Brooks, B. M., & Rizzo, A. A. (2005). Virtual reality in brain damage rehabilitation: Review. Cyberpsychology & Behavior, 8(3), 241–262.
Schultheis, M. T., & Rizzo, A. A. (2001). The application of virtual reality technology in rehabilitation. Rehabilitation Psychology, 46, 296–311.
Shallice, T., & Burgess, P. W. (1991). Deficits in strategy application following frontal lobe damage in man. Brain, 114, 727–741.
Shum, D., Valentine, M., & Cutmore, T. (1999). Performance of individuals with severe long-term traumatic brain injury on time-, event-, and activity-based prospective memory tasks. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 21, 49–58.
Shum, D., Fleming, J. M., & Neulinger, K. (2002). Prospective memory and traumatic brain injury: A review. Brain Impairment, 3(1), 1–16.
Skelton, R.W., Bukach, C.M., Laurance, H.E., Thomas, K.G.F., & Jacobs, W.J. (2000). Humans with traumatic brain injuries show place-learning deficits in computer-generated virtual space. Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology, 22(2), 157–175.
Skelton, R.W., Ross, S.P., Nerad, L., & Livingstone, S.A. (2006). Human spatial navigation deficits after traumatic brain injury shown in the arena maze, a virtual Morris water maze. Brain Injury, 20(2), 189–203.
Slobounov, S. M., Zhang, K., Pennell, D., Ray, W., Johnson, B., & Sebastianelli, W. (2010). Functional abnormalities in normally appearing athletes following mild traumatic brain injury: A functional MRI study. Experimental Brain Research, 202(2), 341–354.
Smith, R. E. (2003). The cost of remembering to remember in event-based prospective memory: Investigating the capacity demands of delayed intention performance. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 29, 347–361.
Sohlberg, M.M., & Mateer, C.A. (1987). Effectiveness of an attention-training program. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 9, 117–130.
Sohlberg, M. M., & Mateer, C. A. (2001). Cognitive rehabilitation: An integrative neuropsychological approach. New York: Guilford.
Sorita, E., N’Kaoua, B., Larrue, F., Criquillon, J., Simion, A., Sauzéon, H., et al. (2013). Do patients with traumatic brain injury learn a route in the same way in real and virtual environments? Disability and Rehabilitation, 35(16), 1371–1379.
Sosin, D. M., Sacks, J. J., & Webb, K. W. (1996). Pediatric head injuries and deaths from bicycling in the United States. Pediatrics, 98(5), 868–870.
Steed, A., & Parker, C. (2005). Evaluating effectiveness of interaction techniques across immersive virtual environmental systems. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 14, 511–527.
Tarr, M. J., & Warren, W. H. (2002). Virtual reality in behavioural neuroscience and beyond. Nature Neuroscience, 5(11), 1089–1092.
Thompson, H. J., McCormick, W. C., & Kagan, S. H. (2006). Traumatic brain injury in older adults: Epidemiology, outcomes, and future implications. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 54(10), 1590–1595.
Titov, N., & Knight, G. (2005). A computer-based procedure for assessing functional cognitive skills in patients with neurological injuries: The virtual street. Brain Injury, 19(5), 315–322.
Tsirlin, I., Dupierrix, E., Chokron, S., Coquillart, S., & Ohlmann, T. (2009). Uses of virtual reality for diagnosis, rehabilitation and study of unilateral spatial neglect: Review and analysis. Cyberpsychology & Behavior, 12(2), 175–181.
Vaishnavi, S., Rao, V., & Fann, J. R. (2009). Neuropsychiatric problems after traumatic brain injury: Unraveling the silent epidemic (English). Psychosomatics (Washington, DC), 50(3), 198–205.
Verhaeghe, S., Defloor, T., & Grypdonck, T. (2005). Stress and coping among families of patients with traumatic brain injury: A review of the literature. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 14, 1004–1012.
Verhulst, E., Richard, P., Richard, E., Allain, P., & Nolin, P. (2016). 3D interaction techniques for virtual shopping: Design and preliminary study. In Proceedings of the 11th joint conference on computer vision, imaging and computer graphics theory and applications (GRAPP 2016) (pp. 271–279).
Verhulst, E., Banville, F., Richard, P., Tabet, S., Lussier, C., & Massicotte, E. (2017a). Navigation patterns in ederly during multitasking in virtual environnment. In S. Yamamoto (Ed.), Human Interface and the management of information: Supporting learning, decision-making and collaboration. HIMI 2017. Lecture notes in computer science (Vol. 10274). Cham: Springer.
Verhulst, E., Foloppe, D., Richard, P., Banville, F., & Allain, P. (2017b). A new 2D interaction-based method for the behavioural analysis of instrumental activities of daily living. In Proceedings of the 12th International Joint Conference on Computer Vision, Imaging and Computer Graphics Theory and Applications (pp. 146–151).
Wouters, P., van Nimwegen, C., van Oostendorp, H., & van der Spek, E. D. (2013). A meta-analysis of the cognitive and motivational effects of serious games. Journal of Educational Psychology, 105(2), 249–265.
Zhang, L., Abreu, B. C., Masel, B., Scheibel, R. S., Christiansen, C. H., Huddleston, N., & Ottenbacher, K. J. (2001). Virtual reality in the assessment of selected cognitive function after brain injury. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 80(8), 597–604.
Zhang, L., Abreu, B. C., Seale, G. S., Masel, B., Christiansen, C. H., & Ottenbacher, K. J. (2003). A virtual reality environment for evaluation of a daily living skill in brain injury rehabilitation: Reliability and validity. Archives of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 84(8), 1118–1124.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Banville, F., Nolin, P., Rosinvil, T., Verhulst, E., Allain, P. (2019). Assessment and Rehabilitation after Traumatic Brain Injury Using Virtual Reality: A Systematic Review and Discussion Concerning Human-Computer Interactions. In: Rizzo, A.“., Bouchard, S. (eds) Virtual Reality for Psychological and Neurocognitive Interventions. Virtual Reality Technologies for Health and Clinical Applications. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9482-3_15
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9482-3_15
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-9480-9
Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-9482-3
eBook Packages: Behavioral Science and PsychologyBehavioral Science and Psychology (R0)