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The Genomic Characteristics and Origin of Chromothripsis

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Chromothripsis

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 1769))

Abstract

In 2011 a phenomenon involving complex chromosomal rearrangements was discovered in cancer genomes. This phenomenon has been termed chromothripsis, on the basis of its chromosomal hallmarks, which point to an underlying process involving chromosome (chromo) shattering (thripsis). The prevailing hypothesis of cancer genome evolution as a gradual process of mutation and selection was challenged by the discovery of chromothripsis, because its patterns of chromosome rearrangement rather indicated an one-off catastrophic burst of genome rearrangement. The initial discovery of chromothripsis has led to many more examples of chromothripsis both in cancer genomes as well as in patients with congenital diseases and in the genomes of healthy individuals. Since then, a burning topic has been the study of the molecular mechanism that leads to chromothripsis. Cumulating evidence has shown that chromothripsis may result from lagging chromosomes encapsulated in micronuclei, as well as from telomere fusions followed by chromosome bridge formation. In this chapter, we will outline the genomic characteristics of chromothripsis, and we present genomic methodologies that enable the detection of chromothripsis. Furthermore, we will give an overview of recent insights into the mechanisms underlying chromothripsis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Biomedical Genetics, Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands

    Alessio Marcozzi & Wigard P. Kloosterman

  2. Laboratory of Chromosomal Genetics, Department of Medical Genetics, Arnaud de Villeneuve Hospital, Montpellier CHRU, Montpellier, France

    Franck Pellestor

  3. INSERM Unit Plasticity of the Genome and Aging, Institute of Functional Genomics, Montpellier, France

    Franck Pellestor

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  1. Alessio Marcozzi
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  2. Franck Pellestor
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  3. Wigard P. Kloosterman
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Correspondence to Wigard P. Kloosterman .

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  1. Unit of Chromosomal Genetics, Department of Medical Genetics, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, Hérault, France

    Franck Pellestor

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Marcozzi, A., Pellestor, F., Kloosterman, W.P. (2018). The Genomic Characteristics and Origin of Chromothripsis. In: Pellestor, F. (eds) Chromothripsis. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1769. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7780-2_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7780-2_1

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