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Pediatric Rodent Models of Traumatic Brain Injury

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Injury Models of the Central Nervous System

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 1462))

Abstract

Due to a high incidence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in children and adolescents, age-specific studies are necessary to fully understand the long-term consequences of injuries to the immature brain. Preclinical and translational research can help elucidate the vulnerabilities of the developing brain to insult, and provide model systems to formulate and evaluate potential treatments aimed at minimizing the adverse effects of TBI. Several experimental TBI models have therefore been scaled down from adult rodents for use in juvenile animals. The following chapter discusses these adapted models for pediatric TBI, and the importance of age equivalence across species during model development and interpretation. Many neurodevelopmental processes are ongoing throughout childhood and adolescence, such that neuropathological mechanisms secondary to a brain insult, including oxidative stress, metabolic dysfunction and inflammation, may be influenced by the age at the time of insult. The long-term evaluation of clinically relevant functional outcomes is imperative to better understand the persistence and evolution of behavioral deficits over time after injury to the developing brain. Strategies to modify or protect against the chronic consequences of pediatric TBI, by supporting the trajectory of normal brain development, have the potential to improve quality of life for brain-injured children.

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Acknowledgement

This review was supported by NIH/NINDS R01 NS050159 and NS077767.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia

    Bridgette D. Semple & Jaclyn Carlson

  2. Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Linda J. Noble-Haeusslein Ph.D.

  3. Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of California School of Medicine, 513 Parnassus Ave., HSE 814, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA

    Linda J. Noble-Haeusslein Ph.D.

Authors
  1. Bridgette D. Semple
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  2. Jaclyn Carlson
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  3. Linda J. Noble-Haeusslein Ph.D.
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Linda J. Noble-Haeusslein Ph.D. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Banyan Biomarkers, Inc., Alachua, Florida, USA

    Firas H. Kobeissy

  2. Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA

    C. Edward Dixon

  3. Banyan Biomarkers, Inc. , Alachua, Florida, USA

    Ronald L. Hayes

  4. Banyan Biomarkers, Inc., Alachua, Florida, USA

    Stefania Mondello

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Semple, B.D., Carlson, J., Noble-Haeusslein, L.J. (2016). Pediatric Rodent Models of Traumatic Brain Injury. In: Kobeissy, F., Dixon, C., Hayes, R., Mondello, S. (eds) Injury Models of the Central Nervous System. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1462. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3816-2_18

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3816-2_18

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  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-3814-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-3816-2

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