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Cancer Drug Resistance: A Brief Overview from a Genetic Viewpoint

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Cancer Drug Resistance

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 1395))

Abstract

Cancer drug resistance leading to therapeutic failure in the treatment of many cancers encompasses various mechanisms and may be intrinsic relying on the patient’s genetic makeup or be acquired by tumors that are initially sensitive to cancer drugs. All in all, it may be responsible for treatment failure in over 90 % of patients with metastatic cancer. Cancer drug resistance, in particular acquired resistance, may stem from the micro-clonality/micro-genetic heterogeneity of the tumors whereby, among others, the following mechanisms may entail resistance: altered expression of drug influx/efflux transporters in the tumor cells mediating lower drug uptake and/or greater efflux of the drug; altered role of DNA repair and impairment of apoptosis; role of epigenomics/epistasis by methylation, acetylation, and altered levels of microRNAs leading to alterations in upstream or downstream effectors; mutation of drug targets in targeted therapy and alterations in the cell cycle and checkpoints; and tumor microenvironment that are briefly reviewed.

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  1. Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health, Genetics, Oncology and Human Toxicology, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua Câmara Pestana 6, 1150-008, Lisbon, Portugal

    José Rueff & António Sebastião Rodrigues

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  1. José Rueff
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Correspondence to José Rueff .

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  1. New University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal

    Jose Rueff

  2. New University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal

    António Sebastião Rodrigues

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Rueff, J., Rodrigues, A.S. (2016). Cancer Drug Resistance: A Brief Overview from a Genetic Viewpoint. In: Rueff, J., Rodrigues, A. (eds) Cancer Drug Resistance. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1395. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3347-1_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3347-1_1

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