Abstract
This chapter outlines some general principles of transcriptional targeting approaches using viral vectors in the central nervous system. Transcriptional targeting is first discussed in the context of vector tropism and appropriate delivery. Then, some of our own attempts to restrict expression of therapeutic factors to distinct brain cell populations are discussed, followed by a detailed description of the setscrews that are available for these experiments. A critical discussion of current stumbling blocks and necessary developments to achieve clinical applicability of advanced targeted vector systems is provided.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Thevenot E, Jordao JF, O’Reilly MA et al (2012) Targeted delivery of self-complementary adeno-associated virus serotype 9 to the brain, using magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused ultrasound. Hum Gene Ther 23:1144–1155
Zincarelli C, Soltys S, Rengo G, Rabinowitz JE (2008) Analysis of AAV serotypes 1-9 mediated gene expression and tropism in mice after systemic injection. Mol Ther 16:1073–1080
Mitchell AM, Nicolson SC, Warischalk JK, Samulski RJ (2010) AAV’s anatomy: roadmap for optimizing vectors for translational success. Curr Gene Ther 10:319–340
Van Vliet KM, Blouin V, Brument N et al (2008) The role of the adeno-associated virus capsid in gene transfer. Methods Mol Biol 437:51–91
Hickey P, Stacy M (2013) AAV2-neurturin (CERE-120) for Parkinson’s disease. Expert Opin Biol Ther 13:137–145
Kaplitt MG, Feigin A, Tang C et al (2007) Safety and tolerability of gene therapy with an adeno-associated virus (AAV) borne GAD gene for Parkinson’s disease: an open label, phase I trial. Lancet 369:2097–2105
Christine CW, Starr PA, Larson PS et al (2009) Safety and tolerability of putaminal AADC gene therapy for Parkinson disease. Neurology 73:1662–1669
Cucchiarini M, Ren XL, Perides G, Terwilliger EF (2003) Selective gene expression in brain microglia mediated via adeno-associated virus type 2 and type 5 vectors. Gene Ther 10:657–667
Kügler S, Klocker N, Kermer P et al (1999) Transduction of axotomized retinal ganglion cells by adenoviral vector administration at the optic nerve stump: an in vivo model system for the inhibition of neuronal apoptotic cell death. Gene Ther 6:1759–1767
Kügler S, Meyn L, Holzmuller H et al (2001) Neuron-specific expression of therapeutic proteins: evaluation of different cellular promoters in recombinant adenoviral vectors. Mol Cell Neurosci 17:78–96
Kügler S, Kilic E, Bahr M (2003) Human synapsin 1 gene promoter confers highly neuron-specific long-term transgene expression from an adenoviral vector in the adult rat brain depending on the transduced area. Gene Ther 10:337–347
Glover CP, Bienemann AS, Heywood DJ et al (2002) Adenoviral-mediated, high-level, cell-specific transgene expression: a SYN1-WPRE cassette mediates increased transgene expression with no loss of neuron specificity. Mol Ther 5:509–516
Klein R, Ruttkowski B, Knapp E et al (2006) WPRE-mediated enhancement of gene expression is promoter and cell line specific. Gene 372:153–161
Kügler S, Lingor P, Scholl U et al (2003) Differential transgene expression in brain cells in vivo and in vitro from AAV-2 vectors with small transcriptional control units. Virology 311:89–95
Shevtsova Z, Malik JM, Michel U et al (2005) Promoters and serotypes: targeting of adeno-associated virus vectors for gene transfer in the rat central nervous system in vitro and in vivo. Exp Physiol 90:53–59
Lee Y, Messing A, Su M, Brenner M (2008) GFAP promoter elements required for region-specific and astrocyte-specific expression. Glia 56:481–493
Drinkut A, Tereshchenko Y, Schulz JB et al (2012) Efficient gene therapy for Parkinson’s disease using astrocytes as hosts for localized neurotrophic factor delivery. Mol Ther 20:534–543
Tereshchenko J, Maddalena A, Bähr M, Kügler S (2014) Pharmacologically controlled, discontinuous GDNF gene therapy restores motor function in a rat model of Parkinson’s disease. Neurobiol Dis 65C:35–42
Maddalena A, Tereshchenko J, Bähr M, Kügler S (2013) Adeno-associated virus-mediated, mifepristone-regulated transgene expression in the brain. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2, e106
Colin A, Faideau M, Dufour N et al (2009) Engineered lentiviral vector targeting astrocytes in vivo. Glia 57:667–679
Manfredsson FP, Tumer N, Erdos B et al (2009) Nigrostriatal rAAV-mediated GDNF overexpression induces robust weight loss in a rat model of age-related obesity. Mol Ther 17:980–991
Hermening S, Kügler S, Bähr M, Isenmann S (2004) Increased protein expression from adenoviral shuttle plasmids and vectors by insertion of a small chimeric intron sequence. J Virol Methods 122:73–77
Sunkin SM, Ng L, Lau C et al (2013) Allen Brain Atlas: an integrated spatio-temporal portal for exploring the central nervous system. Nucleic Acids Res 41:D996–D1008
Portales-Casamar E, Swanson DJ, Liu L et al (2010) A regulatory toolbox of MiniPromoters to drive selective expression in the brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107:16589–16594
Delzor A, Dufour N, Petit F et al (2012) Restricted transgene expression in the brain with cell-type specific neuronal promoters. Hum Gene Ther Methods 23(4):242–54
Tolu S, Avale ME, Nakatani H et al (2010) A versatile system for the neuronal subtype specific expression of lentiviral vectors. FASEB J 24:723–730
Oh MS, Hong SJ, Huh Y, Kim KS (2009) Expression of transgenes in midbrain dopamine neurons using the tyrosine hydroxylase promoter. Gene Ther 16:437–440
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Kügler, S. (2016). Tissue-Specific Promoters in the CNS. In: Manfredsson, F. (eds) Gene Therapy for Neurological Disorders. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1382. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3271-9_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3271-9_6
Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-3270-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-3271-9
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols