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Pharmacometrics in Bacterial Infections

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Applied Pharmacometrics

Part of the book series: AAPS Advances in the Pharmaceutical Sciences Series ((AAPS,volume 14))

Abstract

Pharmacometrics plays an important role in rational dosing design of antimicrobial therapy by defining the relationship between dose, dosing interval, drug concentration, bacterial response, infection outcome, and toxicity, as well as the variability surrounding these variables. Modeling and simulation is becoming more extensively used to characterize antimicrobial strategies to combat emergence of drug-resistant bacteria, which is imposing a high cost on patient survivability and the overall health-care system. In this chapter, we discuss how pharmacometric approaches are being utilized to tackle these challenges. The approaches in designing treatment strategies using minimum inhibitory concentrations and in vitro time course of bacterial killing are explained to provide a thorough overview of the current state-of-the-art exploration of antimicrobial pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic (PKPD) modeling and simulation. In turn, the information from in vitro and animal studies is connected with clinical outcome for the purpose of determining key information that can improve therapeutic success in the clinic. This chapter also discusses the strategies for optimized dosing regimens and combination therapies that are currently explored to tackle the challenges posed by development of drug-resistant infections.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA

    Sherwin K. B. Sy Ph.D.

  2. Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA

    Hartmut Derendorf Ph.D.

Authors
  1. Sherwin K. B. Sy Ph.D.
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  2. Hartmut Derendorf Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Hartmut Derendorf Ph.D. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Florida, Department of Pharmaceutics, Center for Pharmacometrics & Systems Pharmacology, Orlando, Florida, USA

    Stephan Schmidt

  2. University of Florida, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, Gainesville, Florida, USA

    Hartmut Derendorf

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© 2014 American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists

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Sy, S., Derendorf, H. (2014). Pharmacometrics in Bacterial Infections. In: Schmidt, S., Derendorf, H. (eds) Applied Pharmacometrics. AAPS Advances in the Pharmaceutical Sciences Series, vol 14. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1304-6_8

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