Abstract
The identification of unknown micrometer-sized phases in the scanning electron microscope (SEM) has been limited by the lack of a robust and simple way to obtain crystallographic information about the unknown while observing the microstructure or morphology of the specimen. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) is a technique that can provide identification of unknown crystalline phases while exploiting the excellent imaging capabilities of the SEM. Previous to the development of EBSD for phase identification, the only applicable technique for the identification of micrometer-sized phases was electron diffraction in the transmission electron microscope (TEM). Convergent beam and selected area electron diffraction (CBED and SAED) can provide information from submicrometer sized phases, but require the preparation of electron transparent samples that is very difficult and time intensive. Phase identification using EBSD is a complementary technique to TEM methods.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Reference
Baba-Kishi, K.Z., and Dingley, DJ., 1989, Backscatter Kikuchi diffraction in the SEM for identification of crystallographic point groups, Scanning, 11:305.
Baba-Kishi, K.Z., and Dingley, DJ., 1989a, Application of backscatter Kikuchi diffraction in the scanning electron microscope to the study of NiS2, J. Appl. Cryst. 22:189.
Dingley, DJ., and Baba-Kishi, K.Z., 1986, Use of electron backscatter diffraction patterns for determination of crystal symmetry elements, in: Scanning Electron Microscopy/1986/II, O. Johari, ed., SEM Inc., Chicago.
Dingley, D.J, Mackenzie, R., and Baba-Kishi, K.Z., 1989, Application of backscatter Kikuchi diffraction for phase identification and crystal orientation measurement in materials, in: Microbeam Analysis-1989, P. E. Russell, ed., San Francisco Press, San Francisco.
Dupont, J.N., Michael, J. R., and Newbury, B.D., 1999, Welding metallurgy of alloy HR-160, The Welding Journal, 78:408s.
Goehner, R.P., and Michael, J.R., 1996, Phase identification in a scanning electron microscope using backscattered electron Kikuchi patterns, J. of Res. of the Nat. Institute of Standards and Technology, 101:301.
Leavers, V.F., 1992, Shape Detection In Computer Vision Using The Hough Transform, Springer-Verlag, New York.
Le Page, Y., 1992, Ab-initio primitive cell parameters from single convergent-beam electron diffraction patterns: A converse route to the identification of microcrystals with electrons, Microscopy Research and Technique, 21:158.
Michael, J.R., and Eades, J. A., 2000, Use of reciprocal lattice layer spacing in electron backscatter diffraction pattern analysis, Ultramicroscopy, 81:67.
Michael, J.R., and Goehner, R.P., 1993, Crystallographic phase identification in the scanning electron microscope: Backscattered electron Kikuchi patterns imaged with a CCD-based detector, Microscopy Society of America Bulletin, 23:168.
Raghavan, A., 1989, Determination of unit cell, J. of Electron Microscopy Technique, 13:16.
Raghavan, M., Scanlon, J., and Steeds, J.W., 1984, Use of reciprocal lattice layer spacing in convergent beam electron diffraction analysis, Met. Trans. 15A: 1299.
Reimer, L., 1998, Scanning Electron Microscopy: Physics Of Image Formation And Microanalysis, Springer, Berlin.
Robino, C.V., Michael, J.R., and Cieslak, M.J., 1997, Solidification and welding metallurgy of Thermo-Span alloy, Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 2:220.
Robino, C.V., Michael, J.R., and Maguire, M.C., 1998, The solidification and welding metallurgy of galling resistant stainless steels, Welding Journal Research Supplement, 77:446s.
Small, J. and Michael, J.R., 1999, Phase identification of individual particles by electron backscatter diffraction, Microscopy and Microanalysis Supplement 2, 5:226.
Steeds, J.W., 1979, Convergent beam electron diffraction, in: Introduction to Analytical Electron Microscopy, J.J. Hren, J.I. Goldstein and D.C. Joy, eds., Plenum Press, New York.
Wells, O.C., 2000, Comparison of different models for the generation of electron backscattering patterns in the scanning electron microscope, Scanning, 21:368.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2000 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Michael, J.R. (2000). Phase Identification Using Electron Backscatter Diffraction in the Scanning Electron Microscope. In: Schwartz, A.J., Kumar, M., Adams, B.L. (eds) Electron Backscatter Diffraction in Materials Science. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3205-4_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3205-4_7
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-3207-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-3205-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive