Abstract
Since the implementation of large-scale achievement and ability testing in the early 1900s, cognitive test tasks, or test items, that are scored as either incorrect (0) or correct (1) have been quite commonly used (DuBois, 1970). Even though performance on these test tasks is frequently summarized by a single total score, often a sum of item scores, it is also widely acknowledged that multiple skills or abilities are required to determine the correct answers to these tasks. Snow (1993) states
“The general conclusion seems to be that complex cognitive processing is involved in performance even on simple tasks. In addition to multiple processes, it is clear that performers differ in strategies....”
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Reckase, M.D. (1997). A Linear Logistic Multidimensional Model for Dichotomous Item Response Data. In: van der Linden, W.J., Hambleton, R.K. (eds) Handbook of Modern Item Response Theory. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2691-6_16
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