Abstract
In recent years a combination of biostratigraphic, magnetostratigraphic, and radioisotopic data has been employed to calibrate aspects of the Great American Faunal Interchange (sensu Webb, 1976) that occurred in the late Cenozoic between North and South America. Many of these studies have focused on documenting the time of first appearance of immigrant taxa that participated in the interchange. These multidisciplinary studies were first applied to North American rocks and faunas (e.g., Johnson et al., 1975; Lindsay et al., 1976, 1980, 1984; Opdyke et al., 1977; Tedford, 1981; Galusha et al., 1984) and, subsequently (or concurrently) to those in South America (e.g., Marshall et al., 1977, 1979, 1982,a,b,c, 1983c; Marshall, 1982; MacFadden et al., 1983; Butler et al., 1984).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Ahearn, M. E., and Lance, J. F., 1980, A new species of Neochoerus (Rodentia: Hydrochoeridae) from the Blancan (Late Pliocene) of North America, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 93:435–442.
Ameghino, F., 1885, Nuevos restos de mamíferos fósiles oligocenos, recogidos por el professor Pedro Scalabrini y pertenecientes al Museo provincial de la cuidad de Parana, Bol. Acad. Cienc. (Cordoba) 8:3–207.
Ameghino, F., 1909, Las formaciones sedimentarias de la region litoral de Mar del Plata y Chapadmalal, An. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires (3) 10:343–428.
Andreis, R. R., 1977, Geología del area de Canadón Hondo, Depto. Escalante, Provincia del Chubut, República Argentina, Obra del Centenario del Museo de La Plata, No. 4, pp. 77–102.
Andreis, R. R., Mazzoni, M. M., and Spalletti, L. A., 1975, Estudio estratigráfico y paleoambiental de las sedimentitas terciarias entre Pico Salamanca y Bahía Bustamente, Provincia de Chubut, República Argentina, Rev. Asoc. Geol. Argent., 30:85–103.
Audebaud, E., Laubacher, G., and Marocco, R., 1976, Coupe géologique des Andes du Sud du Pérou de l’Océan Pacifique au Bouclier Bresilien, Geol. Rund. Stuttgart 65:223–264.
Berggren, W. A., McKenna, M. C., Hardenbol, J., and Obradovich, J. D., 1978, Revised Paleogene polarity time scale, J. Geol. 86:67–81.
Berta, A., 1981, Evolution of large canids in South America, Anais do II Congresso Latino-Americano Paleontologia, Porto Alegre, Abril 1981, pp. 835–845.
Berta, A., 1982, Cerdocyon thous, Mammal. Species 186:1–4.
Berta, A., 1983, A new species of small cat (Felidae) from the late Pliocene-early Pleistocene (Uquian) of Argentina, J. Mammal. 64:720–725.
Berta, A., 1985, The sabercat Smilodon gracilis from Florida and a discussion of its relationships (Smilodontini, Felidae, Mammalia), Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sci. (in press).
Bertels, A., 1975. Bioestratigrafia del Paleogeno en la República Argentina, Rev. Esp. Micropaleontol. (Madrid) 7:429–450.
Bertels, A., 1979, Paleobiogeografia de los foraminiferos del Cretacico superior y Cenozoico de America del Sur, Ameghiniana 16:273–356.
Bonaparte, J. F., 1960, La sucesion estratigrafia de Monte Hermoso (Prov. de Bs. Aires), Acta Geol. Lilloana 3:273–287.
Bonaparte, J. F., and Soria, M. F., 1983, El primer mamifero del Cretacico Argentino, Circular Infor. Asoc. Paleontol. Argent. 11:5.
Bossi, G. E., and Palma, R. M., 1982, Consideracion de la estratigrafia del Valle de Santa Maria, Provincia de Catamarca, Argentina, Quinto Congreso Latino Americano de Geologia, Argentina 1982, Actas I, pp. 155–172.
Boule, M., and Thevenin, A., 1920, Mammifères fossiles de Tarija, Miss. Sci. Créqui-Montfort et E. Sénéchal de la Grange, Paris (Soudier), 4°, vii–256.
Bradbury, J. P., 1982, Holocene chronostratigraphy of Mexico and Central America, in: Chronostratigraphic subdivision of the Holocene (J. Mangerud, H. J. B. Birks, and K. D. Jager, eds.), Striae, Societas Upsaliensis pro Geologia Quarternaria, 16:40–45, Uppsala.
Branisa, L., Grambast, L., and Hoffstetter, R., 1969, Quelques précisions nouvelles, d’après les charophytes, sur L’age du Groupe Puca (Crétacé-Paléogène, Bolivie), C. R. Somm. Seances Soc. Géol. Fr., 8:321–322.
Brodkorb, P., 1963, A giant flightless bird from the Pleistocene of Florida, Auk 8:111–115.
Butler, R. F., Marshall, L. G., Drake, R. E., and Curtis, G. H., 1984, Magnetic polarity stratigraphy and 40K–40Ar dating of late Miocene and early Pliocene continental deposits, Catamarca Province, NW Argentina. J. Geol. 92:623–636.
Cabrera, A., 1936, Un nuevo carnivoro del Chapadmalense de Miramar, Notas Mus. La Plata, Paleontol. 7:303–308.
Cappetta, H., 1975, Sur quelques sélaciens nouveaux du crétacé supérieur de Bolivie (Amérique du Sud), Géobios 8:5–24.
Carranza-Castaneda, O., and Ferrusquia-Villafranca, I., 1978, Nuevas investigaciones sobre la fauna Rancho El Ocote Plioceno Medio de Guanajuato, Mexico, Inf. Prelim. Inst. Geol. Univ. Nat. Auton Mex. Rev. 2:163–166.
Carranza-Castaneda, O., and Miller, W. E., 1980, The earliest capybara record in North America, Geol. Soc. Am. Abstr. 12:399.
Carranza-Castaneda, O., Ferrusquia-Villafranca, I., and Miller, W. E., 1981, Roedores caviomorfos Pliocenicos de la Region Central de Mexico, Anais do II Congresso Latino-Americano PaJeontologia, Porto Alegre, Abril 1981, pp. 721–729.
Carranza-Castaneda, O., Miller, W. E. and Martinez, J., 1982, Field trip guide to Cenozoic vertebrate localities in northeast and central Guanajuato, Mexico, Diseno Impreso, Col. Narvarte, Mexico, pp. 1–50.
Castellanos, A., 1950, El Uquiense. Sedimentos néogenos de Uquia (Senador Pérez) de la provincia de Jujuy (Argentina), Univ. Nac. Litoral Fac. Cienc. Matem. Fis. Quim. Nat. Ser. Técnico-Científica Rosario, 36:1–55.
Chaffee, R. G., 1952, The Deseadan vertebrate fauna of the Scarritt Pocket, Patagonia, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 98:505–562.
Charrier, R., Linares, E., Niemeyer, H., and Skarmeta, J., 1979, K-Ar ages of basalt flows of the Meseta Buenos Aires in southern Chile and their relation to the southeast Pacific triple junction, Geology 7:436–439.
Clapperton, C. M., 1979, Glaciation in Bolivia before 3.27 Myr, Nature 277:375–377.
Coney, P. J., 1982, Plate tectonic constraints on biogeographic connections between North and South America, Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. 69:432–443.
Crochet, J. Y., 1979, Données nouvelles sur l’histoire paléogéographique des Didelphidae (Marsupialia), C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris 288 (Ser D):1457–1460.
Crochet, J.Y., 1980, Les Marsupiaux du Tertiaire d’Europe, Ed. Fondation Singer-Polignac, Paris, No. 1, pp. 1–279.
Cronin, T. M., 1981, Rates and possible causes of neotectonic vertical crustal movements of the emerged southeastern United States Atlantic Coastal Plain, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 92:812–833.
Dalquest, W. W., and Mooser, O., 1980, Late Hemphilliam mammals of the Ocote Local fauna, Guanajuato, Mexico, Texas Mem. Mus. Pearce-Sellards Ser. 32:1–25.
De Muizon, C., and Marshall, L. G., 1985, Les premiers mammiféres d’Amérique du Sud, La Recherche 299:1425–1428.
De Muizon, C., Gayet, M., Lavenu, A., Sigé, B., Marshall, L. G., and Villarroel, C., 1983, Late Cretaceous vertebrates, including mammals, from Tiupampa, southcentral Bolivia, Géobios 16:747–753.
De Muizon, C., Gayet, M., Lavenu, A., Marshall, L. G., and Villarroel, C., 1984a, Observation to the note by Ch. de Muizon et al., entitled “Late Cretaceous vertebrates including mammals from Tiupampa, south-central Bolivia,” Géobios 17:251–252.
De Muizon, C., Marshall, L. G., and Sigé, B., 1984b, The mammal fauna from the El Molino Formation (Late Cretaceous, Maestrichtian) at Tiupampa, south-central Bolivia, Bull. Mus. Nat. Hist. Nat. Sect. C 6(4):327–351.
Dessanti, R. N., 1946, Hallazgo de depósitos glaciales en las Huayquerías de San Carlos (Mendoza), Rev. Asoc. Geol. Argent. 1:270–284.
Evernden, J. F., Savage, D. E., Curtis, G. H., and James, G. T., 1964, Potassium-Argon dates and the Cenozoic mammalian chronology of North America, Am. J. Sci. 262:145–198.
Evernden, J. F., Kriz, S. J., and Cherroni, C., 1966, Correlaciones de las formaciones terciarias de la cuenca altiplanica a base de edades absolutas, determinadas por el metodo Potasio-Argon, Serv. Geol. Bolivia, La Paz, Hoja Informa No. 1.
Evernden, J. F., Kriz, S. J., and Cherroni, C., 1977, Potassium-Argon ages of some Bolivian rocks, Econ. Geol. 72:1042–1061.
Feruglio, E., 1949, Descripcion geologica de la Patagonia, Minist. Ind. Commer. Nac. Div. Gen. Yacimientos Pet. Fiscales, Buenos Aires 2:1–346.
Fidalgo, R., deFrancesco, F. O., and Pascual, R., 1975, Geologia superficial de la Llanura Bonaerense, Vi Cong. Geol. Argent., Bahía Bianca, pp. 103–138.
Frazier, M., 1981, A revision of the fossil Erethizontidae of North America, Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sci. 27:1–76.
Galusha, T., Johnson, N. M., Lindsay, E. H., Opdyke, N. D., and Tedford, R. H., 1984, Biostratigraphy and magnetostratigraphy, Late Pliocene rocks, 111 Ranch, Arizona, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 95:714–722.
Gillette, D. D., and Ray, C. E., 1981, Glyptodonts of North America. Smithson. Contrib. Paleobiol. 40:1–255.
Golz, D. J., Jefferson, G. T., and Kennedy, M. P., 1977, Late Pliocene vertebrate fossils from the Elsinore fault zone, California, J. Paleontol. 51:864–866.
Grambast, L., Martinez, M., Mattauer, M., and Thaler, L., 1967, Perutherium altipJanense, nov. gen., nov. sp., premier mammifère mésozoique d’Amérique du Sud, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris 264:(Ser. D):707–710.
Haffer, J., 1969, Speciation in Amazon forest birds, Science 165:131–137.
Haffer, J., 1974, Avian speciation in tropical South America, Publ. Nuttall Ornithol. club 14:1–390.
Harrison, J. A., 1978, Mammals of the Wolf Ranch Local Fauna, Pliocene of the San Pedro Valley, Arizona, Occas. Pap. Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kansas 73:1–18.
Hay, O. P., 1919, Descriptions of some mammalian remains from Florida of probably Pleistocene age, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 56:105–112.
Hershkovitz, P., 1962, Evolution of Neotropical cricetinae rodents (Muridae) with special reference to the phyllotine group, Fieldiana Zool. 46:1–524.
Hershkovitz, P., 1966, Mice, land bridges and Latin America faunal interchange, in: Parasites of Panama (R. L. Wenzel and V. J. Tipton, eds.), Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, pp. 725–747.
Hershkovitz, P., 1972, The recent mammals of the Neotropical Region, in: Evolution, Mammals and Southern Continents (A. F. Keast, F. C. Erk, and B. Glass, eds.), State University of New York Press, Albany, pp. 311–431.
Hirschfeld, S. E., 1981, Pliometanastes protistus (Edentata, Megalonychidae) from Knight’s Ferry, California with discussion of Early Hemphilliam megalonychids, Paleo Bios 36:1–17.
Hirschfeld, S. E., and Webb, S. D., 1968, Plio-Pleistocene megalonychid sloths of North America, Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sci. 12:213–296.
Hoffstetter, R., 1980, Utilizacion de la escala cronoestratigrafica internacional en el Terciario mamalifero sudamericano, Adas II Congr. Argent, de Paleont. y Bioestr. y I Congr. Latino-amer, de Paleontol., Buenos Aires 1978, III, pp. 1–6.
Hoffstetter, R., 1981, Historia biogeografica de los mamiferos terrestres sudamericanos: problemas y ensenanzas, Acta Geol. Hisp. 16:71–88.
Hueck, K., and Seibert, P., 1972, Vegetationskarte von Südamerika. Mapa de la Vegetación de America del Sur, Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, pp. 1–69.
Johnson, N. M., Opdyke, N. D., and Lindsay, E. H., 1975, Magnetic polarity stratigraphy of Pliocene-Pleistocene terrestrial deposits and vertebrate faunas, San Pedro Valley, Arizona, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 86:5–12.
Kraglievich, J. L., 1952a, El Perfil geolögico de Chapadmalal y Miramar, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Rev. Mus. Munie. Cienc. Natur. Trad. Mar del Plata 1:8–37.
Kraglievich, J. L., 1952b, Un canido del eocuartario de Mar del Plata y sus relaciones con otras formas brasilenas y norteamericanas, Rev. Mus. Munie. Cienc. Nat. Trad. Mar del Plata 1:53–70.
Kraglievich, J. L., 1959, Contribucion al conocimiento de la geologia cuartaria en la Argentina. IV. Rev. Mus. Argent. Cienc. Nat. “Bernardino Rivadavia” 1:1–19.
Kraglievich, J. L., and de Olazâbal, A. G., 1959, Los procionidos extinguidos del genero Chapalmalania Amegh, Rev. Mus. Argent. Cienc. Nat. “Bernardino Rivadavia” Cienc. Zool. Buenos Aires 6:1–59.
Kraglievich, J. L., and Reig, O. A., 1954, Un nuevo procionido del Plioceno de Las Playas (Provincia de Cordoba), Rev. Asoc. Geol. Argent. 9:209–231.
Kraglievich, L., 1930, La formación Friaseana del río Frias, río Fénix, Laguna Bianca, y su fauna de mamiferos, Physics 10:127–161.
Kraglievich, L., 1934, La antigüedad plioceno de las faunas de Monte Hermoso y Chapadmalal, de-ducidas de su comparacion con las que le procedieron y sucedieron, Imprenta El Siglo Ilustrado, Montevideo, pp. 1–136.
Kurtén, B., 1957, Mammal migrations, Cenozoic stratigraphy, and the age of Peking man and the australopithecines, J. Paleontol 31:215–227.
Kurtén, B., and Anderson, E., 1980, Pleistocene Mammals of North America, Columbia University Press, New York, 442 pp.
Lessios, H. A., 1979, Use of Panamanian sea urchins to test the molecular clock, Nature 280:599–601.
Linares, O. J., 1981, Tres nuevos carnivoros procionidos fósiles del Mioceno de Norte y Sudamerica, Ameghiniana 18:113–121.
Lindsay, E. H., Johnson, N. M., and Opdyke, N. D., 1976, Preliminary correlation of North American land mammal ages and geomagnetic chronology, Univ. Mich. Pap. Paleontol. 12:111–119.
Lindsay, E. H., Opdyke, N. D., and Johnson, N. M., 1980 Pliocene dispersal of the horse Equus and late Cenozoic mammalian dispersal events, Nature 287:135–138.
Lindsay, E. H., Opdyke, N. D., and Johnson, N. M., 1984, Blancan-Hemphilliam land mammal ages and late Cenozoic mammal dispersal events, Ann. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 12:445–488.
MacFadden, B. J., and Skinner, M. F., 1979, Diversification and biogeography of the one-toed horses Onohippidium and Hippidion, Postila 175:1–10.
MacFadden, B. J., and Webb, S. D., 1982, The succession of Miocene (Arkareean through Hemphillian) terrestrial mammalian localities and faunas in Florida, in: Miocene of the Southeastern United States (T. M. Scott and S. B. Upchurch, eds.), Tallahassee, Florida Dept. of Nat. Res., Bur. Geol., spec. publ. no. 25, pp. 186–199.
MacFadden, B. J., and Wolff, R. G., 1981, Geological investigations on late Cenozoic vertebrate bearing deposits in southern Bolivia, Actas II Congreso Latino-Americano de Paleontologia, 26–30 de abril, Porto Alegre, Brazil, pp. 265–278.
MacFadden, B. J., Sues, O., Zeitler, P., Johnson, N. M., and Campbell Jr., K. E., 1983, Magnetic polarity stratigraphy of the middle Pleistocene (Ensenadan) Tarija Formation of southern Bolivia, Quat. Res. 19:172–187.
MacFadden, B. J., Campbell, K. E., Cifelli, R. L., Siles, O., Johnson, N. M., Naeser, C. W. and Zeitler, P. K., 1985, Magnetic polarity stratigraphy and mammalian biostratigraphy of the Deseadan (Middle Oligocene-Early Miocene) Salla Beds of northern Bolivia, Jour. Geol. (in press)
Markgraf, V., and Bradbury, J. P., 1982, Holocene climatic history of South America, in: Chronostratigraphic Subdivision of the Holocene (J. Mangerud, H. J. B. Birks, and K. D. Jager, eds.), Striae, Societas Upsaliensis pro Geologia Quaternaria, 16:40–45.
Marshall, L. G., 1976, Fossil localities for Santacrucian (Early Miocene) mammals, Santa Cruz Province, southern Patagonia, Argentina, J. Paleontol. 50:1129–1142.
Marshall, L. G., 1979, A model for paleobiogeography of South America cricetine rodents, Paleobiology 5:126–132.
Marshall, L. G., 1981, The Great American Interchange—an invasion induced crisis for South American mammals, in: Biotic Crises in Ecological and Evolutionary Time (M. Nitecki, ed.), Academic Press, New York, pp. 133–229.
Marshall, L. G., 1982, Calibration of the age of mammals in South America. Géobios Mém. Spéc. 6:427–437.
Marshall, L. G., and Cifelli, R. L., Diversity patterns during the Age of Mammals in South America, in preparation.
Marshall, L. G., and Pascual, R., 1977, Nuevos marsupiales Caenolestidae del “Piso Notohipidense” (SW de Santa Cruz, Patagonia) de Ameghino. Sus aportaciones a la cronologia y evolución de las comunidades de mamíferos sud-americanos, Mus. Munic. Cienc. Nat. Mar dei Plata 2:91–122.
Marshall, L. G., and Pascual, R., 1978, Una escala temporal radiometrica preliminar de las edadesmamífero del Cenozoic medio y tardio Sudamericano, Obra del Centenario del Museo de La Plata, No. 5, pp. 11–28.
Marshall, L. G., and Patterson, B., 1981, Geology and geochronology of the mammal-bearing Tertiary of the Valle de Santa Maria and Rio Corral Quemado, Catamarca Province, Argentina, Fieldiana Geo. 9:1–80.
Marshall, L. G., Pascual, R., Curtis, G. H., and Drake, R. E., 1977, South American geochronology: Radiometric time scale for middle to late Tertiary mammal-bearing horizons in Patagonia, Science 195:1325–1328.
Marshall, L. G., Butler, R. F., Drake, R. E., Curtis, G. H., and Tedford, R. H., 1979, Calibration of the Great American Interchange, Science 204:272–279.
Marshall, L. G., Butler, R. F., Drake, R. E., and Curtis, G. H., 1981, Calibration of the beginning of the Age of Mammals in Patagonia, Science 212:43–45.
Marshall, L. G., Butler, R. F., Drake, R. E., and Curtis, G. H., 1982a, Geochronology of type Uquian (late Cenozoic) land mammal age, Argentina, Science 216:986–989.
Marshall, L. G., Curtis, G. H., Drake, R. E., and Odin, G. S., 1982b, NDS 120, in: Numerical Dating in Stratigraphy Vol. 2 (G. S. Odin, ed.), John Wiley and Sons, Chichester, pp. 782–783.
Marshall, L. G., Webb, S. D., Sepkoski, J. J., and Raup, D. M., 1982c, Mammalian evolution and the Great American Interchange, Science 215:1351–1357.
Marshall, L. G., de Muizon, C., and Sigé, B., 1983a, Perutherium altipianense, un notoungulé du Crétacé Supérieur du Pérou, Palaeovertebrata 13:145–155.
Marshall, L. G., de Muizon, C., and Sigé, B., 1983b, Late Cretaceous mammals (Marsupialia) from Bolivia, Géohios 16:739–745.
Marshall, L. G., Hoffstetter, R., and Pascual, R., 1983c, Geochronology of the continental mammal-bearing Tertiary of South America, Palaeovertebrata Mém. Extr. 1983:1–93.
Marshall, L. G., Berta, A., Hoffstetter, R., Pascual, R., Reig, O. A., Bombin, M., and Mones, A., 1984, Geochronology of the continental mammal-bearing Quaternary of South America, Palaeoverte-brata Mém. Extr. pp. 1–76.
Marshall, L. G., de Muizon, C., Gayet, M., Lavenu, A., and Sigé, B., 1985a, The “Rosetta Stone” for mammalian evolution in South America, Nat. Geog. Res., 1:274–288.
Marshall, L. G., Drake, R. E., and Curtis, G. H., 1985b, 40K–40Ar age calibration of Late Miocene-Pliocene mammal-bearing Huayquerias and Tunuyan Formations, Mendoza Province, Argentina, J. Paleontol. (in press).
Marshall, L. G., Cifelli, R. L., Drake, R. E., and Curtis, G. H., 1985c, Vertebrate paleontology, geology, and geochronology of the Tapera de Lopez and Scarritt Pocket, Chubut Province, Argentina, Jour. Paleont. (in press).
Marshall, L. G., Drake, R. E., Curtis, G. H., Butler, R. F., Flanagan, K. M., and Naeser, C. W., 1985d, Geochronology of type Santacrucian (Middle Tertiary) Land Mammal Age, Patagonia, Argentina, Science (in press).
Martin, P. S., 1973, The discovery of America, Science 179:969–974.
Martin, R. A., 1974, Fossil mammals from the Coleman IIA fauna, Sumter County, in: Pleistocene Mammals of Florida (S. D. Webb, ed.), University Press of Florida, Gainesville, pp. 35–99.
Martinez, C., 1980, Structures et évolution de la chaine hercynienne et de la chaine andine dans le nord de la Cordillére des Andes de Bolivie. Travaux de documents de L’O.R.S.T.O.M., Paris, No. 19, 352 pp.
Mones, A., 1980, Estudios sobre la familia Hydrochoeridae (Rodentia), IX. Neochoerus lancei, nueva especie del Plioceno de Norteamerica, Comun. Paleontol. Mus His. Nat Montev. 1:171–181.
Mones, A., 1981, Estudios sobre la familia Hydrochoeridae (Rodentia), IX. Sobre la identidad de Neochoerus dichroplax Ahearn y Lance, 1980 y Neochoerus lancei Mones, 1980, Comun. Paleontol. Mus. Hist Nat Montev., 1:183–185.
Moreno, F. P., and Mercerat, A., 1891, Exploraciön arqueológica de la provincia de Catamarca, Rev. Mus. La Plata 1:222–236.
Opdyke, N. D., Lindsay, E. H., Johnson, N. M., and Down, T., 1977, The paleomagnetism and magnetic polarity stratigraphy of the mammal-bearing section of Anza Borrego State Park, California, Quat. Res. 7:316–329.
Palmer, A. R., 1983, The decade of North American geology: 1983 Geologic Time Scale, Geology 11:503–504.
Pascual, R., 1965, Un nuevo Condylarthra (Mammalia) de edad Casamayorense de Paso de los Indios (Chubut, Argentina). Breves consideraciones sobre la edad Casamayorense, Ameghiniiana 4:57–65.
Pascual, R., 1970, Evoluciön de communidades, cambios faunísticos e integraciones biocenóticas de los vertebrados Cenozoicos de Argentina, Actas IV Congr. Latinoam. Zool. 2:991–1088.
Pascual, R., and Bond, M., 1981, Epidolopinae subfam. nov. de los Polydolopidae (Marsupialia, Polydolopoidea), Actas II Congreso Latino-Americano de Paleontologia, 26–30 de abril, Porto Alegre, Brazil, pp. 479–488.
Pascual, R., and Fidalgo, F., 1972, The problem of the Plio-Pleistocene boundary in Argentina (South America), in: International Colloquium on the problem “The boundary between Neogene and Quaternary,” Moscow, pp. 205–262.
Pascual, R., and Odreman Rivas, O. E., 1971, Evolucion de las communidades de los vertebrados del Terciario argentino. Los aspectos paleozoogeograficos y paleoclimaticos relacionados, Ameghiniana 8:372–412.
Pascual, R., and Odreman Rivas, O. E., 1973, Las unidades estratigráficas del Terciario portadores de mamíferos. Su distribución y sus relaciones con los acontecimientos diastróficos, Actas del Quinto Cong. Geol. Argent. 3:293–338.
Pascual, R., Ortega Hinojosa, E. J., Gondar, D., and Tonni, E., 1965, Las edades del Cenozoico mamalifero de la Argentina, con especial atencion a aquellas del territorio Bonaerense, An. Com. Invest. Cienc. Buenos Aires 6:165–193.
Pascual, R., Ortega-Hinojosa, E. J., Gondar, D., and Toni, E., 1966, Paleontografia Bonaerense. (A. V. Borrello, ed.) Fasc. IV. Vertebrata, Com. Invest. Cient. La Plata, pp. 1–202.
Patterson, B., and Pascual, R., 1972, The fossil mammal fauna of South America, in: Evolution, Mammals and Southern Continents (A. Keast, F. C. Erk, and B. Glass, eds.), State University of New York Press, Albany, 543 pp.
Patterson, B., and Wood, A. E., 1982, Rodents from the Deseadan Oligocene of Bolivia, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 149:371–543.
Paula Couto, C. de, 1952a, Fossil mammals from the beginning of the Cenozoic in Brazil. Condylarthra, Litopterna, Xenungulata, and Astrapotheria, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 99:355–394.
Paula Couto, C. de, 1952b, Fossil mammals from the beginning of the Cenozoic in Brazil. Marsupialia:Didelphidae, Am. Mus. Novitat. 1567:1–26.
Paula Couto, C. de, 1970, News on the fossil marsupials from the Riochican of Brazil, Acad. Brasil. Ciênc. Anais 42:19–34.
Petter, G., and Hoffstetter, R., 1983, Les Marsupiaux du Déséadien (Oligocène Inférieur) de Salla (Bolivia), Ann. Paléontol. 69:175–234.
Portugal, J. A., 1974, Mesozoic and Cenozoic stratigraphy and tectonic events of Puna-Santa Lucia area, Department of Puno, Bull. Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. 58:982–999.
Prance, G. T., 1978, The origin and evolution of the Amazon Flora, Interciencia 3:207–222.
Raven, P. H., and Axelrod, D. L, 1975, History of the flora and fauna of Latin America, Am. Sci. 63:420–429.
Reig, O. A., 1952a, Sobre la presencia de mustelidos mefitinos en la formacion de Chapadmalal, Rev. Mus. Munic. Cienc. Nat. Trad. Mar del Plata 1:45–51.
Reig, O. A., 1952b, Description previa de nuevos ungulados y marsupiales fosiles del Plioceno y del Eocuatario Argentinos, Rev. Mus. Munie. Cienc. Nat. Trad. Mar del Plata, 1:119–129.
Reig, O. A., 1978, Roedores cricétidos del plioceno superior de la Provincia Buenos Aires (Argentina), Publ. Mus. Munie. Cienc. Nat. Lorenzo Scaglia Mar del Plata 2:164–190.
Repenning, C. A., 1980, Faunal exchange between Siberia and North America. Can. J. Anthropol., 1:37–44.
Reyes, F. C., 1972, Correlaciones en el Cretacico de la Cuenca Andina de Bolivia, Peruy Chile, Rev. Téc. YPFB, La Paz 1:101–144.
Riggi, J. C., 1957, Resumen geológico de la zona de los lagos Pueyrredón y Posadas, Provincia de Santa Cruz. Rev. Asoc. Geol. Argent. 12:1–65.
Riggs, E. S., and Patterson, B., 1939, Stratigraphy of Late Miocene and Pliocene deposits of the province of Catamarca (Argentina) with notes on the faunae, Physis 14:143–162.
Robertson, J. A., 1976, Latest Pliocene mammals from Haile XVA, Alachua County, Florida, Bull. Fla. State Mus. Biol. Sci. 20:111–186.
Rodrigues Francisco, B. H., and de Souza Cunha, F. L., 1978, Geologia e Estratigrafia de Bacia de São José, Municipio de Itaborai, RJ. An. Acad. Bras. Cienc. 50:381–416.
Rovereto, C., 1914, Los estratos araucanos y sus fósiles, An. Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. Buenos Aires 25:1–250.
Rusconi, C., 1930, Las especies fosiles argentinas de pecaries (Tayassuidae) y sus relaciones con las del Brasil y Norte America, An. Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. Bernardino Rivadavia Buenos Aires 36:131–241.
Russo, A., and Flores, M. A., 1972, Patagonia Austral extra-andina, in: Geologia Regional Argentina (A. F. Leanza, ed.), Acad. Nac. Cienc. Córdoba, pp. 707–725.
Savage, D. E., and Russell, D. E., 1983, Mammalian Paleofaunas of the World, Addison-Wesley, London, 432 pp.
Schultz, C.B., and Stout, T. M., 1948, Pleistocene mammals and terraces in the Great Plains, Bull. Geol.Soc. Am. 59:553–588.
Shackelton, N. J., and Opdyke, N. D., 1977, Oxygen isotope and palaeomagnetic evidence for early Northern Hemisphere glaciation, Nature 270:216–219.
Sigé, B., 1968, Dents de micromammifères et fragments de coquilles d’oeufs de dinosauriens dans la faune de vertébrés du Crétacé supéieur de Laguna Umayo (Andes péruviennes), C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris 267 (Ser. D):1495–1498.
Sigé, B., 1971, Les Didelphoidea de Laguna Umayo (Formation Vilquechico, Crétacé supérieur, Pérou), et le peuplement marsupial d’Amérique du Sud, C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris 273:2479–2481.
Sigé, B., 1972, La faunule de mammifères du Crétacé supérieur de Laguna Umayo (Andes péruviennes), Bull. Mus. Nat Hist. Nat. Sci. Terre 19:375–409.
Simpson, G. G., 1933, Stratigraphie nomenclature of the early Tertiary of central Patagonia, Am. Mus. Novitat. 644:1–13.
Simpson, G. G., 1935, Occurrence and relationship of the Rio Chico fauna of Patagonia, Am. Mus. Novitat. 818:1–21.
Simpson, G. G., 1940, Review of the mammal-bearing Tertiary of South America, Proc. Am. Philos. Soc. 83:649–709.
Simpson, G. G., 1948, The beginning of the Age of Mammals in South America. Part I. Bull Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 91:1–232.
Simpson, G. G., 1950, History of the fauna of Latin America, Am. Sci. 38:261–389.
Simpson, G. G., 1972, Didelphidae from the Chapadmalal Formation in the Museo Municipal de Ciencias Naturales of Mar del Plata, Mus. Munic. Cienc. Nat. Mar del Plata 2:1–40.
Simpson, G. G., 1980, Splendid Isolation: The Curious History of South American Mammals, Yale University Press, New Haven, 266 pp.
Simpson, G. G., Minoprio, J. L., and Patterson, B., 1962, The mammalian fauna of the Divisadero Largo Formation, Mendoza, Argentina, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 127:237–293.
Sloan, R. E., 1980, The Late Cenozoic Carribean bridge and barrier, Geol. Soc. Am. Abstr. (Nov. 17–20, Atlanta) Sec. 12:523.
Smith, J. T., and Zinsmeister, W. J., 1982, Paleogeographic implications of a tropical eastern Pacific Nodipecten from the Tertiary of Patagonia, Geol. Soc. Amer. Abst. 14(4):235.
Spalletti, L. A., and Mazzoni, M. M., 1979, Estratigrafia de la Formacion Sarmiento en la Barranca Sur del Lago Colhué-Haupí, Provincia del Chubut, Rev. Asoc. Geol. Argent. 34:271–281.
Stirton, R. A., 1947, A rodent and a peccary from the Cenozoic of Colombia, Minist. Minas y Petroleos, Serv. Geol. Nac, Compil. Estud. Geol. Oficiales en Colombia 7:317–324.
Tedford, R. H., 1981, Mammalian biochronology of the late Cenozoic basins of New Mexico, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 92:1008–1022.
Tyndale-Biscoe, H., 1973, Life of Marsupials, Edward Arnold, London.
Van der Hammen, T., 1974, The Pleistocene changes of vegetation and climate in tropical South America, J. Biogeogr. 1:3–26.
Villarroel, C., and Marshall, L. G., 1982, Geology of the Deseadan (early Oligocene) Age Estratos Salla in the Salla-Luribay Basin, Bolivia, with description of new Marsupialia, Géobios (mém. spec.) 6:201–211.
Wagner, H. M., 1981, Geochronology of the Mehrten Formation, Stanislaus County, California. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, University of California, Riverside, 342 pp.
Webb, S. D., 1974a, Chronology of Florida Pleistocene Mammals, in: Pleistocene Mammals of Florida (S. D. Webb, ed.), University Press of Florida, Gainesville, 270 pp.
Webb, S. D., 1974b, Pleistocene Llamas of Florida, with a brief review of the Lamini, in: Pleistocene Mammals of Florida (S. D. Webb, ed.), University Press of Florida, Gainesville, pp. 170–213.
Webb, S. D., 1976, Mammalian faunal dynamics of the Great American Interchange, Paleobiology 2:216–234.
Webb, S. D., 1978, A history of savanna vertebrates in the New World. Part II: South America and the Great American Interchange, Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 9:393–426.
Webb, S. D., 1984, Ten Million years of mammal extinctions in North America, in: Quaternary Extinctions: A Prehistoric Revolution (P. S. Martin and R. Klein, eds.), University of Arizona Press, Tucson, pp. 189–210.
Webb, S. D., and Marshall, L. G., 1982, Historical biogeography of Recent South American Land Mammals, in: Mammalian Biology in South America, Volume 6, (M. A. Mares and H. H. Genoways, eds.), Special Publ. Ser., Pymatuning Laboratory of Ecology, University of Pittsburgh, pp. 39–52.
Woodburne, M. O., 1977, Definition and characterization of mammalian chronostratigraphy, J. Paleontol. 51:220–234.
Zinsmeister, W. J., 1981, Middle to Late Eocene invertebrate fauna from the San Julian Formation at Punta Casamayor, Santa Cruz Province, southern Argentina, J. Paleontol. 55:1083–1102.
Zinsmeister, W. J., Marshall, L. G., Drake, R. E., and Curtis, G. H., 1981, First radioisotope (Potassium-Argon) age of marine Neogene Rionegro Beds in northeastern Patagonia, Argentina, Science 212:440.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1985 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Marshall, L.G. (1985). Geochronology and Land-Mammal Biochronology of the Transamerican Faunal Interchange. In: Stehli, F.G., Webb, S.D. (eds) The Great American Biotic Interchange. Topics in Geobiology, vol 4. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-9181-4_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-9181-4_3
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-9183-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-9181-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive