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Ribosomal RNA Analysis of Microorganisms as They Occur in Nature

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Advances in Microbial Ecology

Part of the book series: Advances in Microbial Ecology ((AMIE,volume 12))

Abstract

Advances in molecular biology are now providing the means for solving long-standing problems in microbiology. One of the best examples is the development of a rational approach to the phylogenetic classification of microorganisms, based on comparative analysis of slowly evolving molecular components, most notably ribosomal RNAs (Woese, 1987). Molecular biologists and microbiologists have been quick to recognize how rRNA sequence variation could be used to answer major questions limiting progress in microbial ecology. Only a few years after the initial rRNA-based phylogenetic observations were published (Woese and Fox, 1977), the 16S rRNA molecule was used to characterize Prochloron, an uncultivated symbiont of marine invertebrates (Seewaldt and Stackebrandt, 1982), and the smallest ribosomal RNA molecule, 5S rRNA, was used to analyze the composition of a few simple microbial communities (Stahl et al., 1984, 1985; Lane et al., 1985b). Some further ecologic work with 5S rRNA has appeared (Colwell et al., 1989), but extensive community analysis with this molecule is complicated by the difficulty of physically separating 5S rRNAs, and by the relatively small size and thus limited information content of this molecule. In the last few years, considerable emphasis has been given in both microbial phylogeny and microbial ecology to the development of methods for studying the larger and more informative rRNAs. Most of the work has been with small ribosomal subunit rRNA (SSU rRNA, 16S in prokaryotes and 18S in eukaryotes), though a limited amount of work has been done with the larger rRNAs of large ribosomal subunits (here termed LSU rRNA, 23S in prokaryotes and 28S in eukaryotes) and with internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions separating rRNA genes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, 59717, USA

    David M. Ward, Mary M. Bateson, Roland Weller & Alyson L. Ruff-Roberts

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  1. David M. Ward
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  2. Mary M. Bateson
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  3. Roland Weller
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  4. Alyson L. Ruff-Roberts
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  1. University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia

    K. C. Marshall

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© 1992 Plenum Press, New York

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Ward, D.M., Bateson, M.M., Weller, R., Ruff-Roberts, A.L. (1992). Ribosomal RNA Analysis of Microorganisms as They Occur in Nature. In: Marshall, K.C. (eds) Advances in Microbial Ecology. Advances in Microbial Ecology, vol 12. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7609-5_5

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