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Biochemistry of Inorganic Fluoride

  • Chapter
Biochemistry of the Elemental Halogens and Inorganic Halides

Part of the book series: Biochemistry of the Elements ((BOTE,volume 9A+B))

Abstract

The ionic radii of fluoride (F−) (1.33 Å) and the hydroxide ion (1.29 Å) are comparable, and each has a primary hydration number of 5. In contrast, the ionic radii of chloride (Cl−) (1.81 Å), bromide (Br−) (1.97 Å), and iodide (I−) (2.23 Å) are significantly higher, and these anions have lower hydration numbers (2, 2, and 1, respectively). As a result of its similarity to the hydroxide ion, F− readily substitutes for hydroxide in many biochemical transformations, often with profound consequences. In addition, as a consequence of these same physicochemical properties, the biological behavior of F− differs dramatically from that of the other halogens. For example, unlike Cl−, F− (as HF) readily enters cells by passive transport, F− is the only halogen incorporated into the crystal lattice of mineralized tissue, and F− does not compete with I− in the thyroid gland.

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  1. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

    Kenneth L. Kirk

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Kirk, K.L. (1991). Biochemistry of Inorganic Fluoride. In: Biochemistry of the Elemental Halogens and Inorganic Halides. Biochemistry of the Elements, vol 9A+B. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5817-6_2

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