Skip to main content

Circulatory Adjustments to Anemic Hypoxia

  • Conference paper
Oxygen Transfer from Atmosphere to Tissues

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 227))

Abstract

Oxygen transfer in the circulation can be reduced in a number of ways, as Barcroft described many years ago (Barcroft, 1920). Following his nomenclature, we will describe some of the circulatory responses to hypoxic hypoxia (Barcroft’s anoxic type), which is a condition of lowered arterial PO2, and to anemic hypoxia, which is a condition of lowered arterial O2 concentration. Most attention will be directed toward the latter type because, in the case of experimental hemodilution particularly, there are some fascinating differences from hypoxic hypoxia that occur for reasons that are not immediately obvious.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Barcroft, J. (1920). Presidential address on anoxaemia. Lancet 199 (II):485–489.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cain, S.M. (1977). Oxygen delivery and uptake in dogs during anemic and hypoxic hypoxia. J. Appl. Physiol.: Respirat. Environ. Exercise Physiol. 42:228–234.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cain, S.M. (1978). Effects of time and vasoconstrictor tone on O2 extraction during hypoxic hypoxia. J. Appl. Physiol.: Respirat. Environ. Exercise Physiol. 45:219–224.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cain, S.M. (1983). Peripheral oxygen uptake and delivery in health and disease. Clin. Chest. Med. 4:139–148.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cain, S.M. and C.K. Chapler (1978). O2 extraction by hind limb versus whole dog during anemic hypoxia. J. Appl. Physiol.: Respirat. Environ. Exercise Physiol. 45:966–970.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cain, S.M. and C.K. Chapler (1980). Extraction by canine hindlimb during α-adrenergic blockade and hypoxic hypoxia. J. Appl. Physiol.: Respirat. Environ. Exercise Physiol. 48:630–635.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cain, S.M. and C.K. Chapler (1985). Hindlimb vascular responses to sympathetic augmentation during acute anemia. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 63:782–786.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chapler, C.K. and S.M. Cain (1981). Blood flow and uptake in dog hindlimb with anemia, norepinephrine, and propranolol. J. Appl. Physiol.: Respirat. Environ. Exercise Physiol. 51:565–570.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chapler, C.K. and S.M. Cain (1982). Effects of a-adrenergic blockade during acute anemia. J. Appl. Physiol.: Respirat. Environ. Exercise Physiol. 52:16–20.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chapler, C.K. and S.M. Cain (1986). The physiologic reserve in oxygen carrying capacity: studies in experimental hemodilution. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 64:7–12.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chapler, C.K., S.M. Cain and W.N. Stainsby (1979). Blood flow and oxygen uptake in isolated canine skeletal muscle during acute anemia. J. Appl. Physiol.: Respirat. Environ. Exercise Physiol. 46:1035–1038.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chapler, C.K., W.N. Stainsby and M.A. Lillie (1981). Peripheral vascular response during acute anemia. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 59:102–107.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Daly, M. de B. (1983). Peripheral arterial chemoreceptors and the cardiovascular system. In: Physiology of the Peripheral Arterial Chemoreceptors. H. Acker and R.G. O’Regan (eds.). Elsevier Science Publishers, B.V. Amsterdam, pp. 329–393.

    Google Scholar 

  • Daly, M. de B., J.L. Hazeldine and A. Howe (1963). Stimulation of the isolated perfused aortic bodies in the dog: reflex peripheral vascular responses. J. Physiol. (London). 169:89P-90P.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fan, F.-C., R.Y.Z. Chen, G.B. Schuessler and S. Chien (1980). Effect of hematocrit variations on regional hemodynamics and oxygen transport in the dog. Am. J. Physiol. 238:H545-H552.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hatcher, J.D., L.K. Chiu and D.B. Jennings (1978). Anemia as a stimulus to aortic and carotid chemoreceptors in the cat. J. Appl. Physiol.: Respirat. Environ. Exercise Physiol. 44:696–702.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hochachka, P.W. (1986). Balancing conflicting metabolic demands of exercise and diving. Fed. Proc. 45:2948–2952.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Krasney, J. (1971). Cardiovascular responses to cyanide in awake sino- aortic denervated dogs. Am. J. Physiol. 220:1361–1366.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lahiri, S., E. Mulligan, T. Nishino, A. Mokashi and R.O. Davies (1981). Relative responses of aortic and carotid body chemoreceptors to carboxyhemoglobinemia. J. Appl. Physiol.: Respirat. Environ. Exercise Physiol. 50:580–586.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Messmer, K., L. Sunder-Plassmann, F. Jesch, L. Goernandt, E. Sinagowitz and M. Kessler (1973). Oxygen supply to the tissues during limited normovolemic hemodilution. Res. Exp. Med. 159:152–166.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Murray, J.F. and E. Escobar (1968).Circulatory effects of blood viscosity: comparison of methemoglobinemia and anemia. J. Appl. Physiol. 24:594- 599.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murray, J.F., E. Escobar and E. Rapaport (1969). Effects of blood viscosity on hemodynamic responses in acute normovolemic anemia. Am. J. Physiol. 216:638–642.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Szlyk, P.C., C. King, D.B. Jennings, S.M. Cain and C.K. Chapler (1984). The role of aortic chemoreceptors during acute anemia. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 62:519–523.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tenney, S.M. (1974). A theoretical analysis of the relationship between venous blood and mean tissue oxygen pressures. Respir. Physiol. 20:283–296.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Von Restorff, W., B. Hoefling, J. Holtz and E. Bassenge (1975). Effect of increased blood fluidity through hemodilution on coronary circulation at rest and during exercise in dogs. Pfleugers Arch. 357:15–24.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wade, O.L. and J.M. Bishop (1962). Cardiac Output and Regional Blood Flow, Blackwell Scientific Publications Ltd., Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1988 Plenum Press, New York

About this paper

Cite this paper

Cain, S.M., Chapler, C.K. (1988). Circulatory Adjustments to Anemic Hypoxia. In: Gonzalez, N.C., Fedde, M.R. (eds) Oxygen Transfer from Atmosphere to Tissues. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 227. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5481-9_9

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5481-9_9

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-5483-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-5481-9

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics