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Animal Models for Study of Polycystic Ovaries and Ovarian Atresia

  • Chapter
Regulation of Ovarian and Testicular Function

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 219))

Abstract

In 1935, Stein and Leventhal described a syndrome in which there was an association between large, pale polycystic ovaries, menstrual irregularities, ovulatory failure, infertility, hirsutism and obesity. Isolated reports of polycystic ovaries in the human and the management of the associated infertility by partial wedge-resection of the ovaries had been reported in Europe almost a century earlier but a syndrome had not been described. Since 1935 extensive investigations have been undertaken to establish the pathophysiology of the polycystic ovary syndrome and several excellent reviews have been published on the subject (Mahesh et al., 1962; Goldzieher and Axelrod, 1963; Mahesh and Greenblatt, 1964a; Shearman and Cox, 1966; Kirschner and Bardin, 1972; Greenblatt and Mahesh, 1976; Parker and Mahesh. 1976a; Rebar et al., 1976; Mahesh, 1980, 1983, 1984; Yen, 1980, Goldzieher, 1981). In spite of the extensive research on the polycystic ovary syndrome, there is no concensus as to its pathophysiology because the so called syndrome is not a distinct entity in itself. An analysis of 1079 cases published in 1962 showed that 57% of the cases had amenorrhea, 69% hirsutism, 41% obesity, 74% infertility, 21% virilization, and 12% had cyclic menses (Goldzieher and Green, 1962). Variations were also found in the size of the ovary ranging from small to normal to large; in some cases, the tunica was thickened while in others it was not (Smith et al., 1965).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology and Endocrinology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA

    V. B. Mahesh, T. M. Mills, C. A. Bagnell & B. A. Conway

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  1. V. B. Mahesh
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  2. T. M. Mills
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  3. C. A. Bagnell
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  4. B. A. Conway
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Medical College Of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia, USA

    Virendra B. Mahesh

  2. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

    Dharam S. Dhindsa

  3. Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Everett Anderson

  4. University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA

    Satya P. Kalra

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Mahesh, V.B., Mills, T.M., Bagnell, C.A., Conway, B.A. (1987). Animal Models for Study of Polycystic Ovaries and Ovarian Atresia. In: Mahesh, V.B., Dhindsa, D.S., Anderson, E., Kalra, S.P. (eds) Regulation of Ovarian and Testicular Function. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 219. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5395-9_12

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