Abstract
Many plasmids of both Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria have genes determining resistances to a wide range of toxic inorganic cations and anions, including ions of mercury (and organ-omercurials), cadmium (in Gram positives only), arsenic, antimony, bismuth, chromium, silver and tellurium. Three years ago, we reviewed the available information on the physiological and biochemical bases of these resistances, as well as the genetic structures that govern them (Summers and Silver, 1978). Here I will try to summarize both the overall picture and newer findings.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Albert, A. 1973. pp. 392–397, in: “Selective Toxicity, Fifth Edition,” Chapman and Hall, London.
Annear, D.I., B.J. Mee, and M. Bailey. 1976. J. Clin. Path. 29: 441–443.
Bennett, P.M., J. Grinsted, C.L. Choi, and M.H. Richmond. 1978. Mol. Gen. Genet. 159: 101–106.
Bragg, P.D., and D.J. Rainnie. 1974. Canad. J. Microbiol. 20: 883–889.
Bridges, K., A. Kidson, E.J.L. Lowbury, and M.D. Wilkins. 1979. Brit. Med. J. 1: 446–449.
Chopra, I. 1970. J. Gen. Microbiol. 63: 265–267.
Chopra, I. 1975. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 7: 8–14.
Clark, D.L., A.A. Weiss, and S. Silver. 1977. J. Bacteriol. 132: 186–196.
Foster, T.J., H. Nakahara, A.A. Weiss, and S. Silver. 1979. J. Bacteriol. 140: 167–181.
Fox, C.L., Jr. 1968. Arch. Surg. 96: 184–188.
Fox, C.L., Jr., and S.M. Modak. 1974. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 5: 582–588.
Friello, D.A., and A.M. Chakrabarty. 1980. pp. 249–259, in: “Plasmids and Transposons: Environmental Effects and Maintenance Mechanisms,” C. Suttard, and K.R. Rozee, eds., Academic Press, New York.
Furukawa, K., T. Suzuki, and K. Tonomura. 1969. Agric. Biol. Chem. 33: 128–130.
Furukawa, K., and K. Tonomura. 1971. Agric. Biol. Chem. 35: 604–610.
Furukawa, K., and K. Tonomura. 1972. Agric. Biol. Chem. 36: 217–226.
Hedges, R.W., and S. Baumberg. 1973. J. Bacteriol. 115: 459–460.
Hendry, A.T., and I.O. Stewart. 1979. Canad. J. Microbiol. 25: 915–921.
Izaki, K., Y. Tashiro, and T. Funaba. 1974. J. Biochem. 75: 591–599.
Komura, I., T. Funaba, and K. Izaki. 1971. J. Bioehem. 70: 895–901.
Lacey, R.W. 1980. J. Gen. Microbiol. 119: 437–442.
McHugh, G.L., R.C. Moellering, C.C. Hopkins, and M.N. Swartz. 1975. Lancet 1: 235–240.
McMurry, L., R.E. Petrucci, Jr., and S.B. Levy. 1980. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 77: 3974–3977.
Nakahara, H., T. Ishikawa, Y. Sarai, and I. Kondo. 1977a. Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Parasitenkd. Infektionkr. Hyg. Abt. Orig. A. 237: 470–476.
Nakahara, H., T. Ishikawa, Y. Sarai, I. Kondo, H. Kozukue, and S. Silver. 1977b. Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 33: 975–976.
Nakahara, H., S. Silver, T. Miki, and R.H. Rownd. 1979. J. Bacteriol. 140: 161–166.
Novick, R.P., E. Murphy, T.J. Gryczan, E. Baron, and I. Edelman. 1979. Plasmid 2: 109–129.
Novick, R.P., and C. Roth. 1968. J. Bacteriol. 95: 1335–1342.
Rosenkranz, H.S., and H.S. Carr. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2: 367–372.
Schottel, J.L. 1978. J. Biol. Chem. 253: 4341–4349.
Schottel, J., A. Mandai, D. Clark, S. Silver, and R.W. Hedges. 1974. Nature 251: 335–337.
Silver, S. 1978. p. 221–324, in: “Bacterial Transport,” B.P. Rosen, ed., Marcel Dekker Inc., New York.
Silver, S., K. Budd, K.M. Leahy, W.V. Shaw, D. Hammond, R.P. Novick, G.R. Willsky, M.H. Malamy, and H. Rosenberg. 1981. J Bacteriol., in press.
Smith, D.H. 1967. Science 156: 1114–1116.
Smith, H.W. 1978. J. Gen. Microbiol. 109: 49–56.
Summers, A.O., G.A. Jacoby, M.N. Swartz, G. McHugh, and L. Sutton. 1978. pp. 128–131, in: “Microbiology 1978,” D. Schlessinger, ed., American Society for Microbiology, Washington, D.C.
Summers, A.O., and S. Silver. 1972. J. Bacteriol. 112: 1128–1236.
Summers, A.O., and S. Silver. 1978. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 32: 637–672.
Tezuka, T., and K. Tonomura. 1976. J. Biochem. 80: 79–87.
Tezuka, T., and K. Tonomura. 1978. J. Bacteriol. 135: 138–143.
Timoney, J.F., J. Port, J. Giles, and J. Spanier. 1978. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 36: 465–472.
Tonomura, K., and F. Kanzaki. 1969. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 184: 227–229.
Tynecka, Z., Z. Goś and J. Zajac. 1981. J. Bacteriol., in press.
Tynecka, Z., J. Zajac, and Z. Goś. 1975. Acta Microbiol. Pol. 7: 11–20.
Weiss, A.A., S.D. Murphy, and S. Silver. 1977. J. Bacteriol. 132: 197–208.
Weiss, A.A., S. Silver, and T.G. Kinscherf. 1978a. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 14: 856–865.
Weiss, A.A., J.L. Schottel, D.L. Clark, R.G. Beller, and S. Silver. 1978b. p. 121–124, in: “Microbiology-1978,” D. Schlessinger, ed., American Society for Microbiology, Washington, D.C.
Witte, W., N. Van Dip, and R. Hummel. 1980. Z. Allg. Mikrobiol. 20: 517–521.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1981 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Silver, S. (1981). Mechanisms of Plasmid-Determined Heavy Metal Resistances. In: Levy, S.B., Clowes, R.C., Koenig, E.L. (eds) Molecular Biology, Pathogenicity, and Ecology of Bacterial Plasmids. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3983-0_18
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3983-0_18
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-3985-4
Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-3983-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive