Skip to main content

Ritualization in Marine Crustacea

  • Chapter
Behavior of Marine Animals

Abstract

The concept of ritualization of behavior patterns in animals is generally attributed to Huxley (1923), although Huxley (1966) gives credit for this concept to Selous (1901), and Darwin (1872) certainly had ideas along these lines. Ritualization has been variously defined (see Huxley, 1966), but it generally refers to the evolutionary development of communicatory movements or postures from movements or postures which originally served other purposes. Communication between individuals is improved by the evolutionary development of less ambiguous behavior patterns. Although the visual channel has been examined most frequently, evolutionary changes in sonic, tactile, and chemical activities could also result from ritualization, i.e., the development of a signal.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Altevogt, R., 1955, Beobachtungen und Untersuchungen an indischen Winkerkrabben, Z. Morphol. Ökol. Tiere 43: 501–522.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Altevogt, R., 1957, Untersuchungen zur Biologie, Ökologie und Physiologie indischer Winkerkrabben, Z. Morphol. Ökol. Tiere 46: 1–110.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Altmann, S., 1965, Sociobiology of rhesus monkeys. II. Stochastics of social communication,. J. Theoret. Biol. 8: 490–522.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ball, E. E., Jr., 1968, Activity patterns and retinal pigment migration in Pagurus (Decapoda, Paguridea), Crustaceana 14: 302–306.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Beer, C. G., 1959, Notes on the behaviour of two estuarine crab species, Tr. Royal Soc. New Zealand 86: 197–203

    Google Scholar 

  • Bethe, A. D., 1897, Das Nervensystem von Carcinus maenas, Arch. Mikro. Anat. 50: 462–544; 590-639.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blest, A. D., 1963, The concept of “ritualization,” in “Current Problems in Animal behavior” (W. H. Thorpe and O. L. Zangwill, eds.) pp. 102–124, Cambridge University Press, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bovbjerg, R. V., 1960, Courtship behavior of the lined shore crab, Pachygrapsus crassipes Randall, Pac. Sci. 14: 421–422.

    Google Scholar 

  • Braestrup, F. W., 1966, Social and communal display, Phil. Tr. Royal Soc. Lond. 251: 375–386.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brock, F., 1927, Das Verhalten des Einsidlerkrebses Pagurus arrosor Herbst während des Aufsuchens, Ablösens und Aufpflanzens der Seerose Sagart is parasitica Goose, Wilhelm Roux Arch. Entwich. Organ. 112: 204–238.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cameron, A. M., 1966, Some aspects of the behaviour of the soldier crab, Mictyrus longicarpus, Pac. Sci. 20: 224–234.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cott, H. B., 1929, Observations on the natural history of the land-crab Sesarma meinerti, from Beira, with special reference to the theory of warning colours, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1929: 679–692.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crane, J., 1941, Crabs of the genus Uca from the west coast of Central America, Zoologica 26: 145–208.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crane, J., 1943, Display, breeding and relationships of fiddler crabs (Brachyura, genus Uca) in the Northeastern United States, Zoologica 28: 217–223.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crane, J., 1957, Basic patterns of display in fiddler crabs (Ocypodidae, genus Uca), Zoologica 42: 69–82.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crane, J., 1966, Combat, display and ritualization in fiddler crabs (Ocypodidae, genus Uca), Phil. Tr. Royal Soc. Lond. 251: 459–512

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Crane, J., 1967. Combat and its ritualization in fiddler crabs (Ocypodiadae) with special reference to Uca rapax (Smith), Zoologica 52: 49–76.

    Google Scholar 

  • Daanje, A., 1950, On locomotory movements in birds and the intention movements derived from them, Behaviour 3: 48–98.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dane, B., and van der Kloot, W., 1964, An analysis of the display of the goldeneye duck (Bucephala clangula (L.)), Behaviour 22: 282–328.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dane, B., Walcott, C., and Drury, W. H., 1959, The form and duration of the display actions of the goldeneye (Bucephala clangula), Behaviour 14: 265–281.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Darwin, C., 1872, “The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals,” University of Chicago Press, Chicago.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Daumer, K., Jander, R., and Waterman, T. H., 1963, Orientation of the ghost-crab Ocypode in polarized light, Z. vergl. Physiol. 47: 56–76.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dijkgraaf, S., 1955, Lauterzeugung und Schallwahrnehmung bei der Languste (Palinurus vulgaris), Experientia 11: 330–331.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dingle, H., 1969, A statistical and information analysis of aggressive communication in the mantis shrimp Gonodactylus bredini Manning, Anim. Behav. 17: 561–575.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dingle, H., and Caldwell, R. L., 1969, The aggressive and territorial behaviour of the mantis shrimp Gonodactylus bredini Manning (Crustacea: Stomatopoda), Behaviour 33: 115–136.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dybern, B. I., and Höisaeter, T., 1965, The burrows of Nephrops norvegicus (L.), Sarsia 21: 49–55.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fish, J. F., 1966, Sound production in the American lobster, Homarus americanus H. Milne Edwards (Decapoda Reptantia), Crustaceana 11: 105–106.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Griffin, D. J. G., 1965, The behaviour of shore crabs, Austral. Nat. Hist. 15: 87–91.

    Google Scholar 

  • Griffin, D. J. G., 1968, Social and maintenance behaviour in two Australian ocypodid crabs (Crustacea: Brachyura), J. Zool. Lond. 156: 291–305.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Guinot-Dumortier, D., and Dumortier, B., 1960, La stridulation chez les crabes, Crustaceana 1: 117–155.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hazlett, B. A., 1966a, Social behavior of the Paguridae and Diogenidae of Curaçao, Studies Fauna Cuaçao 23: 1–143.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hazlett, B. A., 1966b, The behavior of some deep-water hermit crabs (Decapoda: Paguridea) from the straits of Florida, Bull. Mar. Sci. 16: 76–92.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hazlett, B. A., 1966c, Observations on the social behavior of the land hermit crab, Coenobita clypeatus (Herbst), Ecology 47: 316–317.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hazlett, B. A., 1967, Interspecific shell fighting between Pagurus bernhardus and Pagurus cuanensis (Decapoda, Paguridea), Sarsia 29: 215–220.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hazlett, B. A., 1968a, The sexual behavior of some European hermit crabs, Pubbl. Staz. Zool.Napoli 36: 238–252.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hazlett, B. A., 1968b, The phyletically irregular social behavior of Diogenes pugilator (Anomura, Paguridea), Crustaceana 15: 31–34.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hazlett, B. A., 1968c, Size relationships and aggressive behavior in the hermit crab Clibanarius vittatus, Z. Tierpsychol. 25: 608–614.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hazlett, B. A., 1968d, Communicatory effect of body position in Pagurus bernhardus (L.) (Decapoda, Anomura), Crustaceana 14: 210–214.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hazlett, B. A., 1968c, Stimuli involved in the feeding behavior of the hermit crab Clibanarius vittatus (Decapoda, Paguridea), Crustaceana 15: 305–311.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hazlett, B. A., 1969, Further investigations of the cheliped presentation display in Pagurus bernhardus (Decapoda, Anomura), Crustaceana 17: 31–34.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hazlett, B. A., 1970a, Tactile stimuli in the social behavior of Paurus bernhardus (Decapoda, Pagridae), Behaviour 36: 20–48.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hazlett, B. A., 1970b, The effect of shell size and weight on the agonistic behavior of a hermit crab, Zeit. f. Tierpsychol. 27: 369–374.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hazlett, B. A., and Bossert, W. H., 1965, A statistical analysis of the aggressive communications systems of some hermit crabs, Anim. Behav. 13: 357–373.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hazlett, B. A., and Bossert, W. H., 1966, Additional observations on the communications systems of hermit crabs, Anim. Behav. 14: 546–549.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hazlett, B. A., and Winn, H. E., 1962a, Sound production and associated behavior of Bermuda crustaceans (Panulirus, Gonodactylus, Alpheus and Synalpheus), Crustaceana 4: 25–38.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hazlett, B. A., and Winn, H. E., 1962b, Characteristics of a sound produced by the lobster Justifia longinanus, Ecology 43: 741–742.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Heckenlively, D. B., 1970, Song in a population of black-throated sparrows, Condor 72: 24–36.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hiatt, R. W., 1948, The biology of the lined shore crab, Pacygrapsus crassipes Randall, Pac. Sci. 2: 135–213.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huxley. J., 1923, Courtship activities in the red-throated diver (Colymbus stellatus Pontopp.); together with a discussion on the evolution of courtship in birds, J. Linn. Soc. 35: 253–293.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huxley, J., 1966, Introduction to a discussion of ritualization of behaviour in animals and man, Phil. Tr. Royal Soc. Lond. 251: 249–271.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, V. R., Jr., 1969, Behavior associated with pair formation in the banded shrimp Stenopus hispidus (Olivier), Pac. Sci. 23: 40–50.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kerfoot, W. C., 1969, Selection of an appropriate index for the study of the variability of lizard and snake body scale counts, Systematic Zool. 18: 53–62.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Knudsen, J. W., 1960, Aspects of the ecology of the California pebble crabs (Crustacea: Xanthidae), Ecol. Monographs 30: 165–185.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lewontin, R. C., 1966, On the measurement of relative variability, Systematic Zool. 15: 141–142.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Limbaugh, C., Pederson, H., and Chase, F. A., Jr., 1961, Shrimps that clean fishes, Bull. Mar. Sci. 11: 237–257.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lindberg, R., 1955, Growth, population dynamics, and field behavior in the spiny lobster, Panulirus interruptus (Randall), Univ. Calif. Publ. Zool. 59: 157–248.

    Google Scholar 

  • Linsenmair, K. E., 1965, Optische Signalisierung der Kopulationshöhle bei der Reiterkrabbe Ocypode saratan Forsk. (Decapoda Brachyura Ocypodidae), Naturwissenschaften 52: 256–257.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Linsenmair, K. E., 1967, Konstruktion und Signalfunktion der Sandpyramide der Reiterkrabbe Ocypode saratan Forsk. (Decapoda Brachyura Ocypodidae), Z. Tierpsychol. 24: 403–456.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lorenz, K., 1950, The comparative method in studying innate behaviour patterns, Symp. Soc. Exp. Biol. 4: 221–269.

    Google Scholar 

  • Magnus, D., 1960, Zur Ökologie des Landeinsiedlers Coenobita jousseaumei Bouvier und der Krabbe Ocypode aegyptiaca Gerstaecker am Roten Meer, Verhandl. Deutsch. Zool. Ges. 54: 316–329.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marier, P., 1957, Specific distinctivenes in the communication signals of birds, Behaviour 11: 13–39.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Morris, D., 1956, The feather postures of birds and the problem of the origin of social signals, Behaviour 9: 75–114.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Morris, D., 1957, “Typical intensity” and its relationship to the problem of ritualization, Behaviour 11: 1–12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Morris, D., 1966, The rigidification of behaviour, Phil. Tr. Royal Soc. Lond. 251: 327–330.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moulten, J. M., 1957, Sound production in the spiny lobster Panulirus argus (Latreille), Biol. Bull. 113: 286–295.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moynihan, M., 1960, Some adaptations which help to promote gregariousness, in “Proc. XII Internat. Ornith. Congr.,” Helsinki, pp. 523-541.

    Google Scholar 

  • Provenzano, A. J., Jr., 1959, The shallow-water hemit crabs of Florida, Bull. Mar. Sci. 9: 349–420.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reese, E. S., 1962, Submissive posture as an adaptation to aggressive behavior in hermit crabs, Z. Tierpsychol. 19: 645–651.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reese, E. S., 1964, Ethology and marine zoology, Oceanograph. Mar. Biol. Ann. Rev. 1964: 455-488.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ross, D. M., and Sutton, L., 1961, The association between the hermit crab Dardanus arrosor (Herbst) and the sea anemone Calliactis parasitica (Couch), Proc. Royal Soc. B155: 282–29

    Google Scholar 

  • Ross, D. M., and Sutton, L., 1968, Detachment of sea anemones by commensal hermit crabs and by mechanical and electrical stimuli, Nature 217: 380–381.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ryan, E. P., 1966, Pheromone: Evidence in a decapod crustacean, Science 151: 340–341.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Salmon, M., 1965, Waving display and sound production in the courtship behavior of Uca pugilator, with comparisons to U. minax and U. pugnax, Zoologica 50: 123–150.

    Google Scholar 

  • Salmon, M., 1967, Coastal distribution, display and sound production by Florida fiddler carbs (genus Uca), Anim. Behav. 15: 449–459.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Salmon, M., and Atsaides, S. P., 1968, Behavioral, morphological and ecological evidence for two new species of fiddler crabs (Genus Uca) from the Gulf Coast of the United States, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 81: 275–290.

    Google Scholar 

  • Salmon, M., and Atsaides, S. P., 1969, Sensitivity to substrate vibration in the fiddler crab, Uca pugilator Bosc, Anim. Behav. 17: 68–76.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Salmon, M., and Stout, J. F., 1962, Sexual discrimination and sound production in Uca pugilator Bosc, Zoologica 47: 15–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schöne, H., 1961, Complex behavior, in “The Physiology of Crustacea” (T. H. Waterman, ed.) Vol. II, pp. 465–520, Academic Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schöne, H., 1968, Agonistic and sexual display in aquatic and semiterrestrial brachyuran crabs, Am Zoologist 8: 641–654.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schöne, H., and Eibl-Eibesfeldt, I., 1965, Grapsus grapsus (Brachyura) Drohen, Encylop. Cinemat. E599: 1–8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schöne, H., and Schöne, H., 1963, Balz und andere Verhaltenweisen der Mangrovekrabbe Goniopsis cruentata Latr. und das Winkverhalten der eulitoralen Brachyuren, Z. Tierpsychol. 20: 641–656.

    Google Scholar 

  • Selous, E., 1901, Bird watching, Dent, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, W. J., 1965, Message, meaning. and context in ethology, Am. Naturalist 99: 405–409.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tinbegen, N., 1952, “Derived” activities; their causation, biological significance, origin, and emancipation during evolution, Quart. Rev. Biol. 27: 1–32.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tinbergen, N., 1964, The evolution of signaling devices, in “Social Behavior and Organization among Vertebrates” (W. Etkin, ed.) pp. 206–230, Chicago Press, Chicago.

    Google Scholar 

  • von Hagen, H.-O., 1961, Experimentelle Studien zum Winken von Uca tangeri in Südspanien, Verhand. Deutsch. Zool. Ges. 55: 424–432.

    Google Scholar 

  • von Hagen, H.-O., 1968, Zischende Drohgeräusche bei westindischen Krabben, Naturwissenschaften 55: 139.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wright, H. O., 1968, Visual displays in brachyuran crabs: Field and laboratory studies, Am. Zoologist 8: 655–665.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zajonc, R. B., 1965, Social facilitation, Science 149: 269–274.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1972 Plenum Press, New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Hazlett, B.A. (1972). Ritualization in Marine Crustacea. In: Winn, H.E., Olla, B.L. (eds) Behavior of Marine Animals. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-0907-9_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-0907-9_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-0909-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-0907-9

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics