Abstract
The chorioallantoic placenta is the principal organ of exchange processes between mother and fetus in most higher mammals. Three fetal components, namely trophoblast, connective tissue, and capillary wall, build the histological barrier in hemochorial placentae. Species specific variations of the trophoblast are well known, examples of which are hemomonochorial (man, guinea pig), hemodichorial (rabbit), and hemotrichorial (rat, mouse) organizations. The hemochorial condition is subdivided into labyrinthine pattern in rat, guinea pig, rabbit, and mouse, and a villous arrangement in man.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Aoki, A., Metz, J., and Forssmann, W.G. (1978) Studies on ultrastructure and permeability of the hemotrichorial placenta. II. Fetal capillaries and tracer administration into the fetal blood circulation. Cell Tissue Res. 192, 409–422.
Barr, L., Berger, W. and Dewey, M.M. (1968) Electrical transmission at the nexus between smooth muscle cells. J. Gen. Physiol. 51, 347–368.
Bundgard, M. (1980) Transport pathways in capillaries — in search of pores. Ann. Rev. Physiol. 42, 325–336.
Casley-Smith, J.R., and Clark, H.I. (1972) The dimensions and numbers of small vesicles in blood capillary endothelium in the hind legs of dogs, and their relation to vascular permeability. J. Microsc. 96, 263–267.
Caulfield, J.P. and Farquhar, M.G. (1974) The permeability of glomerular capillaries to graded dextrans. Identification of basement membrane as the primary filtration barrier. J. Cell. Biol. 63, 883–903.
Clementi, F. and Palade, G.E. (1969) Intestinal capillaries. I. Permeability to peroxidase and ferritin. J. Cell. Biol. 41, 33–58.
Clough, G. and Michel, C. (1981) The role of vesicles in the transport of ferritin through frog endothelium. J. Physiol. 315, 127–142.
Crone, C. and Christensen, O. (1978) Transcapillary transport of small solutes and water. In: Cardiovascular Physiology III, (eds.), A.C. Guyton and D.B. Young, Baltimore, MD: University Park, vol. 18, pp. 149–213.
Firth, J.A., Bauman, K., and Sibley, C. (1983) The intercellular junctions of guinea-pig placental capillaries: a possible structural basis for endothelial solute permeability. J. Ultrastructure Res. 85, 45–57.
Fung, Y.C., Zweifach, B.W. and Intaglietta, M. (1966) Elastic environment of the capillary bed. Circ. Res. 19, 441–461.
Granger, H., Goodman, A., and Cook, B. (1975) Metabolic models of microcirculatory regulation. Fed. Proc. 34, 2025–2030.
Heinrich, D., Metz, J., Raviola, E., and Forssmann, W.G. (1976) Ultrastructure of perfusion-fixed fetal capillaries in the human placenta. Cell Tissue Res. 172, 157–169.
Heinrich, D., Weihe, E., Gruner, C., and Metz, J. (1977) Vergleichende Morphologie der Placentakapillaren. Verh. Anat. Ges. Anat. Anz. 71, 489–491.
Hultström, D. and Svensjö, E. (1979) Intravital and electron microscopic study of bradykinin-induced vascular permeability changes using FITC-dextran as a tracer. J. Pathol. 129, 125–133.
Jaffe, E.A., Minck, C.R., Adelman, B., Becker, C.G., and Nachman, R. (1976) Synthesis of basement membrane collagen by cultured human endothelial cells. J. Exp. Med. 144, 209–225.
Johnson, P.C. (1980) The myogenic response. In: Handbook of Physiology. The Cardiovascular System. Vascular Smooth Muscle, (eds.), D.F. Bohr, A.P. Somlyo, and H.V. Sparks, Bethesda, MD: Am. Physiol. Society, Sect, 2, Vol.11, pp. 409–442.
Karnovsky, M.J. (1968) The ultrastructural basis of transcapillary exchanges. J. General Physiol. 52, 64–95.
Kaufmann, P., Schröder, H. and Leichtweiss, H.P. (1982) Fluid shift across the placenta: II Fetomaternal transfer of horseradish peroxidase in the guinea pig. Placenta 3, 339–348.
Kaufmann, P., Luckhardt, M., and Leiser, R. (1988) Three-dimensional representation of the fetal vessel system in the human placenta. Trophoblast Research 3, 113–137.
Kobayashi, S. (1970) Ferritin labeling in the fixed muscle capillary. A doubt on the tracer experiments as the basis for the vesicular transport theory. Arch. Histol. Jpn. 32, 81–86.
Lachenmayer, L. (1971) Adrenergic innervation of the umbilical vessels. Light and fluorescence microscopic studies. Z. Zellforsch. 120, 120–136.
Mayno, G. and Palade, G.E. (1961) Studies on inflammation. I. The effect of histamine and serotonin on vascular permeability: an electron microscopic study. J. Biophys. Biochem. Cytol. 11, 571–605.
Metz, J., Heinrich, D., and Forssmann, W.G. (1976) Ultrastructure of the labyrinth in the rat full term placenta. Anat. Embryol. 149, 123–148.
Metz, J. and Weihe, E. (1980) Intercellular junctions within the human full term placenta: II. Cytotrophoblast cells, intravillous stroma cells and blood vessels. Anat. Embryol. 158, 167–178.
Nikolov, S.D. and Schiebler, T.H. (1981) Uber Endothelzellen in Zottengefaessen der reifen menschlichen Placenta. Acta Anat. 110, 338–344.
Orgnero de Gaisan, E. and Aoki, A. (1985) Permeability studies of the labyrinth in the guinea pig placenta: I. Perfusion of fixatives and tracers into the fetal circulation. Anat. Embryol. 171, 71–74.
Orgnero de Gaisan, E., Aoki, A., Heinrich, D., and Metz, J. (1985) Permeability studies of the guinea pig placental labyrinth II. Tracer permeation and freeze fracture of fetal endothelium. Anat. Embryol. 171, 297–304.
Renkin, E.M. (1977) Multiple pathways of capillary permeability. Circ. Res. 41, 735–743.
Renkin, E.M. and Curry, F.E. (1978) Transport of water and solutes across capillary endothelium. In: Transport Organs, (eds.), G. Giebisch, D.C. Tosteson, and H.H. Ussing. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, Vol. 4, pt. A and B, pp. 1–45.
Rhodin, J. (1962) The diaphragm of capilary endothelial fenestrations. J. Ultrastructure Res. 6, 171–185.
Sibley, C.P., Baumann, K.F., and Firth, J.A. (1981) Ultrastructural study of the permeability of the guinea-pig placenta to horseradish peroxidase. Cell Tissue Res. 219, 637–647.
Sibley, C.P., Baumann, K.F., and Firth, J.A. (1982) Permeability of the foetal capillary endothelium of the guinea-pig placenta to haem proteins of various molecular sizes. Cell Tissue Res. 223, 165–178.
Sibley, C.P., Baumann, K.F. and Firth, J.A. (1983) Molecular charge as a determinant of macromolecule permeability across the fetal capillary endothelium of the guinea-pig placenta. Cell Tissue Res. 229, 365–377.
Simionescu, N. (1983) Cellular aspects of transcapillary exchange. Physiol. Reviews 63, 1536–1579.
Simionescu, M., Simionescu, N., and Palade, G.E. (1981) Differentiated microdomains on the luminal surface of capillary endothelium. Preferential distribution of anionic sites. J. Cell Biol. 90, 605–613.
Simionescu, M. and Simionescu, N. (1984) Ultrastructure of the microvascular wall: Functional correlations. In: Handbook of Physiology. The Cardiovascular System, Microcirculation. Bethesda, MD: Am. Physiol. Society, Vol. IV, Chap. 3
Weihe, E., Heinrich, D., and Metz, J. (1978) Funktionell morphologische Untersuchungen an der feto-maternalen Placentabarriere des Menschen. Perinatale Medizin VII, 515–517.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1988 University of Rochester
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Heinrich, D., Aoki, A., Metz, J. (1988). Fetal Capillary Organization in Different Types of Placenta. In: Kaufmann, P., Miller, R.K. (eds) Placental Vascularization and Blood Flow. Trophoblast Research, vol 3. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-8109-3_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-8109-3_11
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4615-8111-6
Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-8109-3
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive