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Multilocus Systems in Evolution

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Evolutionary Biology

Part of the book series: Evolutionary Biology ((EBIO,volume 11))

Abstract

Population studies of genetic variation and microevolution are classically discussed in terms of changes in gene frequencies and the maintenance of polymorphic loci that can be identified by Mendelian analyses. In recent years, however, a great deal of attention has been given to the evolutionary dynamics and polymorphisms of interacting and linked loci (e.g., Clegg et al., 1972; Lewontin, 1974; Karlin, 1976). The special properties of multilocus systems, namely, gene interaction and linkage, were first briefly considered in theory by Fisher (1930) and Wright (1932). Fisher discussed in particular the role of modifiers in the evolution of dominance and clearly recognized the importance of linkage in the evolution of interacting polymorphisms. Wright proposed an intermediate optimum model in which natural selection favors intermediate phenotypes over the extremes for a continuous metric trait and emphasized the role of linkage in the makeup of gametic arrays.

In general, relative selective values can properly be assigned only to genetic systems as wholes, since individual mutations that are favorable in some combinations are almost certain to be unfavorable in others. Evolution depends on the fitting together of a harmonious system of gene effects.

Wright, 1964

Epistatic selection and balanced polymorphism, both of which are probably common, tend to produce supergenes, which are thus a major feature of evolution; other forces prevent this leading to total condensation of the genetic material.

Turner, 1967a

The fitness at a single locus ripped from its interactive context is about as relevant to real problems of evolutionary genetics as the study of the psychology of individuals isolated from their social context is to an understanding of man’s sociopolitical evolution. In both cases context and interaction are not simply second-order effects to be superimposed on a primary monadic analysis. Context and interaction are of the essence.

Lewontin, 1974

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Biological Sciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, 66045, USA

    Philip Hedrick & Larry Holden

  2. Department of Agronomy and Range Science, University of California, Davis, California, 95616, USA

    Subodh Jain

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  1. Philip Hedrick
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  1. Queens College of the City University of New York, Flushing, New York, USA

    Max K. Hecht

  2. New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, New York, USA

    William C. Steere

  3. Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA

    Bruce Wallace

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Hedrick, P., Jain, S., Holden, L. (1978). Multilocus Systems in Evolution. In: Hecht, M.K., Steere, W.C., Wallace, B. (eds) Evolutionary Biology. Evolutionary Biology, vol 11. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6956-5_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6956-5_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4615-6958-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-6956-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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