Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The Properties of Nonbiological Surfaces and Their Characterization

  • Chapter
Bacterial Adhesion

Abstract

The forces involved in adhesion of cells to other surfaces may include any of the interactions possible in aqueous physical systems (see Chapter 6). Thus, a wide variety of surface properties and measurements may have some relevance to adhesion problems. The classical work on colloid stability, known as the DLVO theory, considered the balance between the London-van der Waals attractive forces and the electrostatic repulsive interaction between the two interacting surfaces [see Section 3.1, and Rutter and Vincent (1980) for a short introduction and references]. Thus, appreciation of the electrostatic charge on surfaces and of the London-type, or dispersion, interactions characteristic of the surfaces involved are required. In addition, the polarity of biological material means that polar interactions must also be taken into account. The measurement of surface charge in aqueous systems, and of estimation of the London and polar components of the surface energies of solid surfaces, have consequently been closely associated with research into bioadhesion. By measuring and assigning experimental values to these various parameters, it becomes possible to examine experimentally the theoretical basis of adhesion processes and to test the validity of such theories.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Baier, R. E., 1970, Surface properties influencing biological adhesion, in: Adhesion in Biological Systems (R. S. Manley, ed.), Academic Press, New York, pp. 15–48.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baier, R. E., 1980, Substrata influences on adhesion of microorganisms and their resultant new surface properties, in: Adsorption of Microorganisms to Surfaces (G. Bitton and K. C. Marshall, eds.), Wiley, New York, pp. 59–104.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baier, R. E., 1982, Conditioning surfaces to suit the biomedical environment, J. Biomech. Eng. 104:257–271.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Baier, R. E., Loeb, G. I., and Wallace, G. T., 1971, Role of an artificial boundary in modifying blood proteins, Fed. Proc. Fed. Am. Soc. Exp. Biol. 30:1523–1538.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Benton, D. P., and Sparks, B. D., 1966, Adsorption from aqueous solutions of ionic surfactants by gold, Trans. Faraday Soc. 62:3244–3252.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Birdi, K. S., 1981, Cell adhesion on solids and the role of surface forces, J. Theor. Biol. 93:1–5.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brinton, C. C, and Lauffer, M. A., 1959, The electrophoresis of viruses, bacteria, and cells and the microscope method of electrophoresis, in: Electrophoresis (M. Bier, ed.), Academic Press, New York, pp. 427–492.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bull, H. B., 1964, An Introduction to Physical Biochemistry, Davis, Philadelphia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carius, W., and Dobias, B., 1980, Semi-automatic apparatus for the measurement of streaming potential and streaming current, Colloid Polym. Sci. 259:470–471.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davies, J. T., and Rideal, E. K., 1963, Interfacial Phenomena, 2nd ed., Academic Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • DePalma, V. A., 1980, Apparatus for zeta-potential measurement of rectangular flow cells, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 51:1390–1395.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • DePalma, V., and Baier, R. E., 1977, Microfouling of metallic and coated metallic flow surfaces in model heat exchange cells, in: Proceedings of Ocean Thermal Energy Biofouling and Corrosion Symposium, Seattle, U.S. Department of Energy, pp. 89–106.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dexter, S. C, 1979, Influence of substratum critical surface tension on bacterial adhesion, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 70:346–354.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eversole, W. G., and Deardorff, D. L., 1941, Flow potentials through metals, J. Phys. Chem. 45:236–241.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fletcher, M., and Loeb, G. I., 1979, The influence of substratum characteristics on the attachment of a marine pseudonomad to solid surfaces, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 37:67–72.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fletcher, M., and Marshall, K. C, 1982, Bubble contact angle method for evaluating substratum-interfacial characteristics and its relevance to bacterial attachment, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 44:184–192.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fletcher, M., Latham, M. J., Lynch, J. M., and Rutter, P. R., 1980, The characteristics of interfaces and their role in microbial attachment, in: Microbial Adhesion to Surfaces (R. C. W. Berkeley, J. M. Lynch, J. Melling, P. R. Rutter, and B. Vincent, eds.), Horwood, Chichester, pp. 67–78.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fowkes, F. M., 1962, Determination of interfacial tensions, contact angles and dispersion forces in surfaces by assuming additivity of intermolecular interactions in surfaces, J. Phys. Chem. 66:382–388.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fowkes, F. M., 1964, Dispersion-force contributions to surface and interfacial tensions, contact angles, and heats of immersion, Adv. Chem. Ser. 43:99–111.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fowkes, F. M., and Heilscher, F. H., 1980, Electron injection from water into hydrocarbons and polymers, Polym. Prepr. Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Chem. 42:164–174.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fowkes, F. M., and Mostafa, M. A., 1978, Acid-base interactions in polymer adsorption, Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Dev. 17:3–7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fricke, H., and Curtis, H. J., 1936, Determination of surface conductance from measurements on suspensions of spherical particles, J. Phys. Chem. 40:715–722.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gerson, D. F., 1982, An empirical equation-of-state for solid-fluid interfacial free energies, Colloid Polym. Sci. 260:539–544.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Girifalco, L. A., and Good, R. J., 1957, A theory for estimation of surface and interfacial energies, J. Phys. Chem. 61:904–909.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Good, R. J., 1977, Surface-free energy of solids and liquids: Thermodynamics, molecular forces and structure, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 59:398–419.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Good, R. J., 1979, Contact angles and the surface free energy of solids, in: Surface and Colloid Science, Volume II (R. J. Good and R. R. Stromberg, eds.), Plenum Press, New York, pp. 1–29.

    Google Scholar 

  • Good, R. J., and Girifalco, L. A., 1960, A theory for estimation of surface and interfacial energies. III. Estimation of surface energies of solids from contact angle data, J. Phys. Chem. 64:561–570.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Groves, J. N., and Sears, A. R., 1975, Alternating streaming current measurements, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 53:83–89.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hamilton, W. C, 1974, Measurement of the polar force contribution to adhesive bonding, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 47:672–675.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harrison, J. T., and Elton, G. A. H., 1959, Electrophoresis of gold and silver particles, J. Chem. Soc. 162:3838–3843.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Haydon, D. A., 1961a, The surface charge of cells and some other small particles as indicated by electrophoresis. I. Zeta-potential-surface charge relationships, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 50:450–456.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Haydon, D. A., 1961b, The surface charge of cells and some other small particles as indicated by electrophoresis. II. Interpretation of electrophoretic charge, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 50:457–462.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Henry, D. C, 1931, The cataphoresis of suspended particles, Proc. R. Soc. London Ser. A 133:106–129.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Holm, R., and Storp, S., 1980, Surface and interface analysis in polymer technology: A review, Surf. Interf. Anal. 2:96–106.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Horbett, T. A., 1982, Protein adsorption on biomaterials, in: Biomaterials: Interfacial Phenomena and Applications (S. L. Cooper, N. A. Pappas, A. S. Hoffman, and B. D. Ratner, eds.), American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C., pp, 233–244.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Hunter, K. A., and Liss, P. S., 1979, The surface charge of suspended particles in estuarine and coastal waters, Nature (London) 282:823–825.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hurd, R. M., and Hackerman, N., 1955, Electrokinetic potentials of bulk metals by streaming current measurements, J. Electrochem. Soc. 102:594–597.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • James, A. M., 1979, Electrophoresis of particles in suspension, in: Colloid and Surface Science, Volume 11 (R. J. Good and R. R. Stromberg, eds.), Plenum Press, New York, pp. 121–185.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaelble, D. H., 1971, Physical Chemistry of Adhesion, Wiley, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaeble, D. H., and Moacanin, J., 1977, A surface energy analysis of bioadhesion, Polymer 18:475–482.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kitazaki, Y., and Hata, T, 1972, Surface chemical criteria for adhesion, J. Adhes. 4:123–132.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Loeb, G. I., and Niehof, R. A., 1975, Marine conditioning films, in: Applied Chemistry at Protein Interfaces (R. E. Baier, ed.), American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C., pp. 319–335.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Loeb, G. I., and Neihof, R. A., 1977, Adsorption of an organic film at the platinum-sea water interface, J. Mar. Res. 5:283–291.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mattson, J. S., and Jones, T. T., 1976, Infrared spectrophotometric observations of the absorption of fibrinogen from solution at optically transparent carbon film electrode surfaces, Anal. Chem. 48:2164–2167.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mihm, J. W., Banta, W. C, and Loeb, G. I., 1981, Effects of adsorbed organic and primary fouling films on bryozoan settlement, J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 54:167–179.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mittai, K. L., 1979, Surface contamination: An overview, in: Surface Contamination: Genesis, Detection, and Control (K. L. Mittai, ed.), Plenum Press, New York, pp. 3–46.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morrissey, B. W., Smith, L. E., Stromberg, R. R., and Fenstermaker, C. A., 1976, Ellipsometric investigation of the effect of potential on blood protein conformation and absorbance, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 56:557–563.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Neihof, R. A., and Loeb, G. I., 1972, The surface charge of particulate matter in seawater, Limnol. Oceanogr. 17:7–16.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Neihof, R. A., and Loeb, G. I., 1974, Dissolved organic matter in seawater and the electric charge at immersed surfaces, J. Mar. Res. 32:5–12.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Neihof, R. A., and Schuldiner, S., 1960, Simple non-gassing electrodes for use in electrophoresis, Nature (London) 185:526.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Neumann, A. W., 1978, Contact angles: Introductory lecture, in: Wetting, Spreading and Adhesion (J. F. Padday, ed.), Academic Press, New York, pp. 3–33.

    Google Scholar 

  • Neumann, A. W., and Good, R. J., 1979, Techniques of measuring contact angles, in: Surface and Colloid Science, Volume 11 (R. J. Good and R. R. Stromberg, eds.), Plenum Press, New York, pp. 31–91.

    Google Scholar 

  • Neumann, A. W., Gillman, C. F., and van Oss, C. J., 1974a, Phagocytosis and surface free energies, J. Electroanal. Chem. 49:393–400.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Neumann, A. W., Good, R. J., Hope, C. J., and Sejpal, M., 1974b, An equation of state approach to determine surface tensions of low-energy solids from contact angles, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 49:291–304.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Neumann, A. W., Absolom, D. R., Francis, D. W., and van Oss, C. J, 1980, Conversion tables of contact angles to surface tensions for use in determining the contribution of the van der Waals attraction or repulsion to various separation properties, Sep. Purif. Methods 9:69–163.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Penn, L.S., and Bowler, E. R., 1981, A new approach to surface energy characterization, Surf. Interface Anal. 3:161–164.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pethica, B. A., 1980, Microbial and cell adhesion, in: Microbial Adhesion to Surfaces (R. C. W. Berkeley, J. M. Lynch, J. Melling, P. R. Rutter, and B. Vincent, eds.), Horwood, Chichester, pp. 19–46.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pravdic, V., 1963, Electrokinetic Studies in disperse systems. VI. Streaming current measurements, Croat. Chem. Acta 35:233–237.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pravdic, V., 1970, Surface charge characterization of sea sediments, Limnol. Oceanogr. 15:230–233.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ratner, B. D., Rosen, J. J., Hoffman, A. S., and Scharpen, L. H., 1979, An ESCA study of surface contaminants on glass substrates for cell adhesion, in: Surface Contamination: Genesis, Detection, and Control (K. L. Mittal, ed.), Plenum Press, New York, pp. 669–686.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rutter, P. R., and Vincent, B., 1980, The adhesion of microorganisms to surfaces: Physico-chemical aspects, in: Microbial Adhesion to Surfaces (R. C. W. Berkeley, J. M. Lynch, J. Melling, P. R. Rutter, and B. Vincent, eds.), Horwood, Chichester, pp. 79–92.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schrader, M. E., 1982, On adhesion of biological substances to low energy solid surfaces, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 88:296–297.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sears, A. R., and Groves, J. N., 1978, The use of oscillating laminar-flow streaming potential measurements to determine the zeta potential of a capillary surface, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 65:479–482.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shafrin, E., 1966, Critical surface tension of polymers, in: Polymer Handbook (J. Brandrup and E. H. Immergut, eds.), Wiley, New York, pp. III-113-III-14.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tadros, H. F., 1980, Particle-surface adhesion, in: Microbial Adhesion to Surfaces (R. C. W. Berkeley, J. M. Lynch, J. Melling, P. R. Rutter, and B. Vincent, eds.), Horwood, Chichester, pp. 93–116.

    Google Scholar 

  • Turner, N., and Colton, R. J., 1982, Surface analysis, Anal. Chem. Rev. 54:293R–322R.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • van Oss, C. J., and Gillman, C. F., 1972a, Phagocytosis as a surface phenomenon. I. Contact angles and phagocytosis of nonopsonised bacteria, J. Reticuloendothel. Soc. 12:283–292.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • van Oss, C. J., and Gillman, C. F., 1972b, Phagocytosis as a surface phenomenon. II. Interfacial energies and phagocytosis,J. Reticuloendothel. Soc. 12:424–425.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Wagenen, R. A., and Andrade, J. D., 1980, Flat plate streaming potential investigations: Hydrodynamics and electrokinetic equivalency, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 76:305–314.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van Wagenin, R. A., Coleman, D. L., King, R. N., Triolo, P., Brostrom, L., Smith, L. M., Gregonis, D. E., and Andrade, J. D., 1981, Streaming potential investigations: Polymer thin films. Colloid Interface Sci. 84:155–162.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ward, J. B., and Berkeley, R. C. W., 1980, The microbial cell surface and adhesion, in: Microbial Adhesion to Surfaces (R. C. W. Berkeley, J. M. Lynch, J. Melling, P. R. Rutter, and B. Vincent, eds.), Horwood, Chichester, pp. 47–66.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weisberg, D. S., and Dworkin, M., 1983, Method for measuring changes in surface tension on agar, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 45:1378–1381.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weiss, L., 1972, Interactions between normal and malignant cells, in: The Chemistry ofBiosurfaces, Vol. 2 (M. L. Hair, ed.), Marcel Dekker, New York, pp. 377–448.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wu, S., 1971, Calculation of the interfacial tensions in polymer systems, J. Polym. Sci. C34:19–30.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zisman, W. A., 1964, Relation of the equilibrium contact angle to liquid and solid constitution, in: Contact Angle, Wettability and Adhesion (R. F. Gould, ed.), American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C., pp. 1–51.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Author notes

  1. George I. Loeb

    Present address: David Taylor Naval Ship R&D Center, 21402, Annapolis, Maryland, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Naval Research Laboratory, 20375, Washington, D. C., USA

    George I. Loeb

Authors
  1. George I. Loeb
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA

    Dwayne C. Savage

  2. University of Warwick, Coventry, England

    Madilyn Fletcher

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1985 Plenum Press, New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Loeb, G.I. (1985). The Properties of Nonbiological Surfaces and Their Characterization. In: Savage, D.C., Fletcher, M. (eds) Bacterial Adhesion. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6514-7_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6514-7_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4615-6516-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-6514-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation