Abstract
Most tumor cells seem to be characterized by multiple genetic alterations. The products of these alterations can represent specific tumor antigens, which are processed in-tracellularly and presented towards T cells in association with HLA molecules. Tumor-specific antigens can be derived from viruses, mutated proteins or products of chromosomal translocation only presented in tumor cells only as well as from unaltered, overexpressed proteins [rev. in 1]. Therefore, tumors can be specifically recognized and destinguished from normal tissue by the immune system. However, tumor cells are also known to be merely weakly immunogenic and not capable of effectively inducing immune responses. An explanation for the failure of tumor cells to elicit an immune response is their inability to provide costimulatory signals to T lymphocytes. Presentation of tumor antigens in the absence of costimulatory molecules is believed to prevent T cell activation and induce a state of specific tolerance towards the tumor [2,3].
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Meyer, G.C. et al. (1998). Induction of Antigen-Specific T Cells by Allogeneic CD80 Transfected Human Carcinoma Cells. In: Walden, P., Trefzer, U., Sterry, W., Farzaneh, F., Zambon, P. (eds) Gene Therapy of Cancer. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 451. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5357-1_31
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