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Campylobacter Infections

  • Chapter
Bacterial Infections of Humans

Abstract

Campylobacters are slender, spiral or curved, microaerophilic gram-negative rods that are one of the most commonly reported bacterial causes of diarrhea in the developing and developed world. Campylobacters also may cause systemic illness in humans and a number of diseases in wild and domestic animals. Because of morphological similarity with vibrios, these organisms were originally classified as Vibrio fetus.(1,2) Campylobacter (Greek for “curved rod”) was proposed as a name of a new genus when it was found that these organisms differed in their biochemical characteristics from true members of the genus Vibrio. C. jejuni is now regarded as among the leading causes of diarrheal disease in humans. Worldwide, more than 80% of Campylobacter isolates implicated in human disease are C. jejuni; however, culture media commonly used to identify campylobacters may not support other potentially pathogenic Campylobacter species. Other Campylobacter or Campylobacterlike species that have been associated with human disease include C. coli, C. fetus, C. laridis, Helicobacter fennelliae, H. cinaedi, C. hyointestinalis, C. upsaliensis, C. jejuni subsp. doyleii, C. sputorum, Arcobacter cryaerophila, and A. butzleri (Table 1). C. fetus also causes systemic infections in immunocompromised hosts. Helicobacter pylori (formerly C. pylori) is associated with gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and gastric cancer in humans, and unlike all other Campylobacter -like species does not now appear to have an animal host. Although morphologically similar, taxonomic studies do not place H. pylori in the same group with the other campylobac-ters.(3) For this reason and because it is associated with a separate clinical entity, H. pylori will not be discussed in this chapter.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232, USA

    Ban Mishu Allos

  2. Division of Communicable Disease and Epidemiology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC, 20307, USA

    David N. Taylor

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  1. Ban Mishu Allos
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  2. David N. Taylor
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  1. Late of Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA

    Alfred S. Evans

  2. The Rollins School of Public Health of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA

    Philip S. Brachman

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Allos, B.M., Taylor, D.N. (1998). Campylobacter Infections. In: Evans, A.S., Brachman, P.S. (eds) Bacterial Infections of Humans. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5327-4_9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5327-4_9

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