Abstract
Many lines of geological and biological evidence support the view that most of the atmospheric oxygen has been supplied by photosynthetic organisms [1]. Primordial cyano-bacteria have evolved as the most primitive, oxygenic, plant-type photosynthetic organisms appearing on the Earth about 3.5 billion years ago in the Archean [2], They have left the oldest fossil records currently known (Archean rocks of Western Australia) and it is thought that their photosynthetic activity was responsible that within 1.8 billion years oxygen levels in the Archean of less than 1% of present levels were increased to about 15% in the Paleoproterozoic [3]. Life during this period was bacterial and had to find a way how to balance between death and life through oxygen. The first “pollution crisis”hit the Earth about 2.2 billion years ago. At about this time a fairly rapid increase in levels of oxygen in the atmosphere began and the organisms were challenged to evolve sophisticated biochemical mechanisms for rendering oxygen and activated oxygen species harmless.
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Obinger, C., Regelsberger, G., Pircher, A., Sevcik-Klöckler, A., Strasser, G., Peschek, G.A. (1999). Hydrogen Peroxide Removal in Cyanobacteria. In: Peschek, G.A., Löffelhardt, W., Schmetterer, G. (eds) The Phototrophic Prokaryotes. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4827-0_84
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