Abstract
In recent years the contribution of knowledge and information to the competitiveness of nations was analysed from different perspectives and on different levels1. Hertog and Bilderbeek (1997) argue that knowledge is a key resource in the economy today for two reasons. Firstly, the competitiveness of most industries depends on the innovative knowledge creation and transforming process, and secondly, knowledge-intensive industries contribute to the economic growth and competitiveness of countries. Guinet (1997, pp.173–174) summarises first results of a project on “Knowledge Flows in National Innovation Systems” currently undertaken by the OECD (selection):
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(1)
There is a clear trend towards higher knowledge intensity in all economic sectors, and there are indicators that higher knowledge intensity leads to better performance at the firm, sectoral and aggregate level.
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(2)
Flows of tacit knowledge have an important positive effect on innovation performance, and particularly on the ability of firms to detect, adapt, and use new knowledge and technologies.
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(3)
In most countries ‘clusters’ exist, in which firms interact through closely linked knowledge networks and which show above-average performance in terms of international competitiveness, growth and employment. These clusters are not necessarily high-technology or R&D-intensive, but they are — without exception — knowledgeintensive, when one takes into account the intensity of knowledge interactions among sectors.
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Hipp, C. (2000). Information Flows and Knowledge Creation in Knowledge-Intensive Business Services: Scheme for a Conceptualization. In: Metcalfe, J.S., Miles, I. (eds) Innovation Systems in the Service Economy. Economics of Science, Technology and Innovation, vol 18. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4425-8_8
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