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Boreal Forests—The Focal Habitats of Fennoscandia

  • Chapter
Ecological Principles of Nature Conservation

Abstract

This chapter deals with the question of maintaining biological diversity in the boreal forests of Fennoscandia, i.e. the Scandinavian Peninsula and Finland. The boreal coniferous forest, or taiga, is the dominant biome, with a latitudinal extension from 56°N to 69°N (Fig. 7.1). The total area of the Fennoscandian forest amounts to more than 50 million ha, of which 13% occurs in Norway, 40% in Finland and 47% in Sweden (Nordic Statistical Secretariat, 1990). Man has utilized the boreal forest, for various purposes, during a very long period of time (Tenow, 1974). However, the most intense utilization has occurred during the last 300 years in connection with the development of the forest industry. At present, Fennoscandian forestry is amongst the most mechanized and efficient in the world. The result is that almost all forest land is now used for production of saw-timber and wood pulp. This has a tremendous impact on the structure and function of the boreal ecosystem. Cutting of old-growth forest and other consequences of forestry have a destructive impact on a large number of boreal organisms, despite the fact that some species are favoured by forest management. The result is decreasing populations for many hundreds of plants and animals, as reflected in recent Red Data lists (Andersson et al., 1987; Ahlén & Tjernberg, 1988; Databanken för hotarer och Naturvårdsverket, 1991).

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ecological Botany, University of Umeå, S-901 87, Umeå, Sweden

    Per-Anders Esseen & Lars Ericson

  2. Department of Plant and Forest Protection, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, S-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden

    Bengt Ehnström

  3. Department of Wildlife Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, S-901 83, Umeå, Sweden

    Kjell Sjöberg

Authors
  1. Per-Anders Esseen
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  2. Bengt Ehnström
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  3. Lars Ericson
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  4. Kjell Sjöberg
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Wildlife Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden

    Lennart Hansson

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© 1992 Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd

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Esseen, PA., Ehnström, B., Ericson, L., Sjöberg, K. (1992). Boreal Forests—The Focal Habitats of Fennoscandia. In: Hansson, L. (eds) Ecological Principles of Nature Conservation. Conservation Ecology Series: Principles, Practices and Management. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3524-9_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3524-9_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

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