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Spontaneous Mutations and Fidelogens

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Antimutagenesis and Anticarcinogenesis Mechanisms III

Part of the book series: Basic Life Sciences ((BLSC,volume 61))

Abstract

The word “antimutagenesis” was first used by Novick and Szilard (51) to describe the lowering of the spontaneous mutation rate. Since then, Kada (26) has made antimutagenesis into a generic word to describe two types of events: the inactivation of mutagens or carcinogens before they can reach the DNA, and the events which can restore the DNA after lesions have occurred. J.W. Drake suggested the word “desmutagens” to Kada for mutagen inactivators, and P.J. Hastings since has suggested “countermutagens” as a synonym, and perhaps a more appropriate term. “Inhibition” of the spontaneous mutation rate, which Novick and Szilard were talking about, has plodded along without a species name, although Kada et al. (27) used the term “bioantimutagenesis” for the types of reactions which act at the level of the DNA, including both inhibition of inducibility of mutagenic repair processes and the lowering of the spontaneous mutation rate. The lowering of the spontaneous mutation rate deserves a name of its own, perhaps reflecting the essential quality of improving the fidelity with which DNA normally is replicated and repaired. Steinberg has recommended the term “fidelogen” as an alternative word for “bioantimutagen.” Fidelogens cover three classes, the “rate droppers,” which lower the spontaneous mutation rate, the “gash healers,” which reverse the lesions inducted by mutagens and carcinogens, and the “SOS stoppers,” which eliminate inducibility of mutagenic DNA repair. The perfect fidelogen is one that will carry out at least the first two of these three functions.

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  1. Department of Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, T6G 2E9

    R. C. von Borstel & Ursula G. G. Hennig

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  1. R. C. von Borstel
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Istituto di Mutagenesi e Differenziamento del CNR, Pisa, Italy

    Giorgio Bronzetti

  2. Okayama University, Okayama, Japan

    Hikoya Hayatsu

  3. Istituto di Igiene e Medicina Preventia, Genova, Italy

    Silvio De Flora

  4. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA

    Michael D. Waters

  5. University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA

    Delbert M. Shankel

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von Borstel, R.C., Hennig, U.G.G. (1993). Spontaneous Mutations and Fidelogens. In: Bronzetti, G., Hayatsu, H., De Flora, S., Waters, M.D., Shankel, D.M. (eds) Antimutagenesis and Anticarcinogenesis Mechanisms III. Basic Life Sciences, vol 61. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2984-2_41

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