This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Andersson, B.S., Aw, T.Y., Jones, D.P. (1987). Mitochondria) transmembrane potential and pH gradient during anoxia. Am J Physiol, 252 (4 Pt 1), C349–C355.
Bontemps, F., Van Den Berghe, G. (1998). Novel evidence for an ecto-phospholipid methyltransferase in isolated rat hepatocytes. Biochem. J. 330 (Pt 1), 1–4.
Brunk, U. T., Zhang, H., Roberg, K., Ollinger, K. (1995). Lethal hydrogen peroxide toxicity involves lysosomal iron-catalyzed reactions with membrane damage. Redox Report 1 267–277.
Costa, M. (1997). Toxicity and carcinogenicity of Cr(VI) in animal models and humans. Crit. Rev. Toxicol. 27 (5), 431–42.
Cupo D. Y. and Wetterhahn K. E. (1985). Modification of chromium (VI) induced DNA damage by glutathione and cytochromes P450 in chicken embryo hepatocytes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the U.S.A. 82, 6755–6759.
De Flora S., Morelli A., Basso C., Romano M., Serra D. and De Flora A. (1985). Prominent role of DT-diaphorase as a cellular mechanism reducing chromium (VI) and reverting its mutagenicity. Cancer Research 45 3188–3196.
Gaynor, E.C., Chen, C.Y., Emr, S.D., Graham, T.R. (1998). ARF is required for maintenance of yeast Golgi and endosome structure and function. Mol. Biol. Cell. 9 (3), 653–70.
Khan, S. and O’Brien, P.J. (1991). 1-bromoalkanes as new potent nontoxic glutathione depletors in isolated rat hepatocytes. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 179 (1), 436–41.
Liu K. J., Shi X. and Dalai N. S. (1997). Synthesis of CR(VI)-GSH, its identification and its free hydroxyl radical generation: a model compound for Cr(VI) carcinogenicity. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 235 54–58.
Luiken, J.-J.; Aerts, J.-M.; Meijer, A.-J. The role of the intralysosomal pH in the control of autophagic proteolytic flux in rat hepatocytes. Eur. J. Biochem. 235 (3): 564–73; 1996.
Martin, B.D., Schoenhard, J.A., Sugden, K.D. (1998). Hypervalent chromium mimics reactive oxygen species as measured by the oxidant-sensitive dyes 2’,7’-dichlorofluorescin and dihydrorhodamine. Chem. Res. Toxicol. 11 (12), 1402–10.
O’Brien, P., Woodbridge, N. (1997). Evidence for epoxidation by the chromium(VI)-glutathione system. Polyhedron 16 (16), 2897–2899.
Pourahmad, J., O’Brien, P.J. (2000). Contrasting role of Na(+) ions in modulating Cu(+2) or Cd(+2) induced hepatocyte toxicity. Chem Biol Interact 126 (2):159–69.
Reed, D.J., Babson, J.R., Beatty, P.W., Brodie, A.E., Ellis, W.W., Potter, D.W. (1980). High-performance liquid chromatography analysis of nanomole levels of glutathione, glutathione disulfide, and related thiols and disulfides. Anal. Biochem. 106 (1), 55–62.
Seglen, P.O. (1997). DNA ploidy and autophagic protein degradation as determinants of hepatocellular growth and survival. Cell Biol. Toxicol. 13 (4–5), 301–15.
Shen, H.M., Shi, C.Y., Shen, Y., Ong, C.N. (1996). Detection of elevated reactive oxygen species level in cultured rat hepatocytes treated with aflatoxin B1. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 21 (2), 139–146.
Shi X. L. and Dalai N. S. (1989). Chromium (V) and hydroxyl radical formation during the glutathione reductase-catalysed reduction of chromium (VI). Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 163 627–634.
Smith, M.T. Thor, H., Hartizell, P., Orrenius, S. (1982). The measurement of lipid peroxidation in isolated hepatocytes. Biochem. Pharmacol. 31 (1)19–26.
Stearns, D.M. and Wetterhahn, K.E. (1994). Reaction of chromium(VI) with ascorbate produces chromium(V), chromium(IV), and carbon-based radicals. Chem. Res. Toxicol. 7 (2), 219–30.
Stift, A., Fried), J., Langle, F., Berlakovich, G., Steininger, R., Muhlbacher, F. (2000). Successful treatment of a patient suffering from severe acute potassium dichromate poisoning with liver transplantation. Transplantation 69 (1l):2454–5.
Sugiyama, M., Tsuzuki, K. and Ogura, R. (1991). Effect of ascorbic acid on DNA damage, cytotoxicity, glutathione reductase, and formation of paramagnetic chromium in Chinese hamster V-79 cells treated with sodium chromate (VI). Journal of Cell Biology 266, 3383–3386.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2001 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Pourahmad, J., O’Brien, P.J. (2001). Biological Reactive Intermediates that Mediate Chromium (VI) Toxicity. In: Dansette, P.M., et al. Biological Reactive Intermediates VI. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 500. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0667-6_27
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0667-6_27
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-5185-6
Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-0667-6
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive