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Reactive Nitrogen Species and Proteins: Biological Significance and Clinical Relevance

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Biological Reactive Intermediates VI

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 500))

Abstract

Nitric oxide and reactive nitrogen species such as nitrogen dioxide, dinitrogen trioxide and peroxynitrite react selectively with different proteins causing covalent structural modifications that alter protein function (1–3). The predominant post-translational modification mediated by nitric oxide is the S-nitrosylation of cysteine residues whereas reactive nitrogen intermediates primarily oxidize cysteine and nitrate tyrosine residues. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, ryanodine receptor, p21ras, hemoglobin and caspase 3 are modified by Snitrosylation of cysteine residues in vivo (4–10). The S-nitrosylation of the cysteine residues provides a selective and reversible covalent modification that regulates protein function and explains the ability of nitric oxide to regulate simultaneously different cellular pathways.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Stokes Research Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA

    Jose M. Souza, Qiping Chen, Beatrice Blanchard-Fillion, Scott A. Lorch, Caryn Hertkorn, Richard Lightfoot, Marie Weisse, Thomas Friel, Eugenia Paxinou, Marios Themistocleous, Steve Chov & Harry Ischiropoulos

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  1. Jose M. Souza
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Université René Descartes, Paris, France

    Patrick M. Dansette

  2. Rutgers University and The Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA

    Robert Snyder

  3. CNRS, Paris, France

    Marcel Delaforge

  4. University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, England

    G. Gordon Gibson

  5. Institute of Toxicology and Environmental Health, The Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany

    Helmut Greim

  6. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA

    David J. Jollow

  7. University of Texas, Austin, Texas, USA

    Terrence J. Monks

  8. University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA

    I. Glenn Sipes

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Souza, J.M. et al. (2001). Reactive Nitrogen Species and Proteins: Biological Significance and Clinical Relevance. In: Dansette, P.M., et al. Biological Reactive Intermediates VI. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 500. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0667-6_22

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0667-6_22

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