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Molecular Pathogenesis of Acute Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Infections

  • Chapter
Severe Infections Caused by Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

Part of the book series: Perspectives on Critical Care Infectious Diseases ((CCID,volume 7))

Abstract

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is probably one of the best examples of an “opportunistic” pathogen, i.e. one that only causes disease in compromised hosts. As reviewed in Chapter 1, normal individuals rarely get P. aeruginosa infections. Chronic P. aeruginosalung infections, discussed in Chapters 5 and 6, are the hallmark of cystic fibrosis (CF). This chapter will be restricted to considering the molecular pathogenesis of acute P. aeruginosa infections. These infections include (i) acute pneumonia in hospitalized and in particular mechanically ventilated patients, (ii) skin infections and sepsis in patients with extensive burns, (iii) corneal infections in individuals wearing contact lenses, (iv) urinary tract infections in patients with indwelling Foley catheters, (v) bacteremia and sepsis in immunocompromised patients, particularly neutropenic patients receiving cytotoxic therapies, and (vi) post-surgical wound infections. The magnitude and costs of these nosocomial infections are enormous. For example, P. aeruginosa pneumonia accounts for as much as 20% of hospital-acquired pneumonia and has a mortality rate of upwards of 40%, even with appropriate antibiotic therapy. Likewise, sepsis secondary to P. aeruginosa burn wound infections is still a major cause of mortality and morbidity. Finally, prior to the institution of pre-emptive antibiotic therapy in neutropenic patients, P. aeruginosa sepsis was a leading cause of death in cancer patients receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy.

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  1. University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California

    Joanne N. Engel M.D., Ph.D

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    Alan R. Hauser M.D., Ph.D.

  2. Critical Care Department, Joan XXIII University Hospital University Rovira & Virgili, Tarragona, Spain

    Jordi Rello M.D., Ph.D.

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Engel, J.N. (2003). Molecular Pathogenesis of Acute Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Infections. In: Hauser, A.R., Rello, J. (eds) Severe Infections Caused by Pseudomonas Aeruginosa . Perspectives on Critical Care Infectious Diseases, vol 7. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0433-7_13

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0433-7_13

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-5074-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-0433-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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