Skip to main content

Part of the book series: Natural Resource Management and Policy ((NRMP,volume 37))

Abstract

From a public health perspective, an important group of the coming generations of genetically modified (GM) crop plants and livestock are those with the value-added output traits of improved nutrition and food functionality. Continuing improvements in molecular and genomic technologies contribute to the acceleration of development of these products. Newell-McGloughlin (2008) presents examples of crops that have been genetically modified with macronutrient and micronutrient traits that may provide benefits to consumers and domestic animals. These new products and new approaches require a reassessment of appropriate criteria to assess benefits for human and animal health and well-being, and manage potential risks, while ensuring that the development of innovative technologies and processes is encouraged to provide value-added commodities for the consumer.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Académie Des Sciences Française (2002) Les plantes génétiquement modifiées Rapport sur la science et la technologie n 13. http://www.academie-sciences.fr/publications/rapports/rapports_html/RST13.htm

  • Anderson K, Jackson LA, Nielsen CP (2005) GM rice adoption: implications for welfare and poverty alleviation, J Econ Integr 20(4):771–788

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • BASF (2011) Business BASF applies for approval for another biotech potato. http://www.research-in-germany.de/84190/2011-11-17-business-basf-applies-for-approval-for-another-biotech-potato.html. Accessed 25 Feb 2013

  • Beckman M, Enot DP, Overy DP et al (2007) Representation, comparison and interpretation of metabolome fingerprint data for total composition analysis and quality trait investigation in potato cultivars. J Agric Food Chem 55: 3444–3451

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bidlack W, Rodriguez RL (2011) Nutritional genomics: dietary regulation of gene function and human disease. Taylor and Francis/CRC Press

    Google Scholar 

  • Bino RJ, de Vos CHR, Lieberman M et al (2005) The light-hyperresponsive high pigment-2dg mutation of tomato: alterations in the fruit metabolome. New Phytol 166:427–438

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Block G, Patterson B, Subar A (1992) Fruit, vegetables, and cancer prevention: a review of the epidemiological evidence. Nutr Cancer 18:1–29

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Botella-Pavı´a P, Rodriguez-Conceptı´on M (2006) Carotenoid biotechnology in plants for nutritionally improved foods. Plant Physiol 126:369–381

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bradford KJ, Gutterson N, Parrott W et al (2005a) Reply to “Regulatory regimes for transgenic crops.” Nat Biotechnol 23:787–789

    Google Scholar 

  • Bradford KJ, Van Deynze A, Gutterson N et al (2005b) Regulating transgenic crops sensibly: lessons from plant breeding, biotechnology and genomics. Nat Biotechnol 23:439–444

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brigelius-Flohe R, Joost HG (2006) Nutritional Genomics: impact on health and disease. Wiley-VCH Verlag, Weinheim, pp 3–17

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Bruce W, Folkerts O, Garnaat C et al (2000) Expression profiling of the maize flavonoid pathway genes controlled by estradiol-inducible transcription factors CRC and P. Plant Cell 12:65–80

    Google Scholar 

  • Carrari F, Baxter C, Usadel B et al (2006) Integrated analysis of metabolite and transcript levels reveals the metabolic shifts that underlie tomato fruit development and highlight regulatory aspects of metabolic network behavior. Plant Physiol 142:1380–1396

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chassy B, Egnin M, Gao Y et al (2008) Nutritional and safety assessments of foods and feeds nutritionally improved through biotechnology: case studies comprehensive reviews in food science and food safety 7, pp 50–99

    Google Scholar 

  • Codex Alimentarius (2003) Proposed draft principles and guidelines for the conduct of microbiological risk management (at step 3 of the procedure). Joint FAO/WHO Food Standards Programme, Codex Committee on Food Hygiene, Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome, Italy. ftp://ftp.fao.org/codex/ccfh35/fh03_07e.pdf

    Google Scholar 

  • Corthe´sy-Theulaz I, den Dunnen JT, Ferre´ P et al (2005) Nutrigenomics: the impact of biomics technology on nutrition research. Ann Nutr Metab 49:355–365

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • da Silva José Graziano (2012) Remarks by FAO’s Director-General, Rome, UN officials stress link between food security and peace in Sahel. UN News Centre http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=43713&Cr=sahel&Cr1=#.UMl1mXfsLF0. Accessed 25 Feb 2013

  • Davidovich-Rikanati R, Sitrit Y, Tadmor Y et al (2007) Enrichment of tomato flavor by diversion of the early plastidial terpenoid pathway. Nat Biotechnol 25:899–901

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davies KM (2007) Genetic modification of plant metabolism for human health benefits. Mutat Res 622:122–137

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • DellaPenna D, Pogson BJ (2006) Vitamin synthesis in plants: tocopherols and carotenoids. Annu Rev Plant Biol 57:711–738

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dixelius C, Fagerström T, Sundström JF (2012) European agricultural policy goes down the tubers. Nat Biotechnol 30:492–493. doi:10.1038/nbt.2255

    Google Scholar 

  • Eggeling L, Oberle S, Sahm H (1998) Improved L-lysine yield with Corynebacterium glutamicum: use of dapA resulting in increased flux combined with growth limitation. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 49:24–30

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • EU Commission Report (2001) EC-sponsored research into the safety of genetically modified organisms. Fifth Framework Programme—External Advisory Groups “GMO research in perspective”. Report of a workshop held by External Advisory Groups of the Quality of Life and Management of Living Resources Programme.http://ec.europa.eu/research/fp5/eag-gmo.html. Accessed 25 Feb 2013

  • EU Commission Report (2011) A decade of EU-funded GMO research (2001–2010) Reference: IP/10/1688 Event Date: 09/12/2010 http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-10-1688_en.htm. Accessed 25 Feb 2013

    Google Scholar 

  • Europa Press Release (2010) Commission publishes compendium of results of EU-funded research on genetically modified crops http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-10-1688_en.htm. Accessed 17 Mar 2013

    Google Scholar 

  • Falco SC, Guida T, Locke M et al (1995) Transgenic canola and soybean seeds with increased lysine. Biotechnology 13:577–582

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Food and Agriculture Organization (2006) State of food insecurity in the world. Food and Agricultural Organisation, Rome

    Google Scholar 

  • FAO/WHO (1997) Risk management and food safety. Report of a joint FAO/WHO consultation, January 27–31, 1997. Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization, Rome, Italy. ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/w4982e/w4982e00.pdf

    Google Scholar 

  • Fraser PD, Enfissi EMA, Goodfellow M et al (2007) Metabolite profiling of plant carotenoids using the matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Plant J 49:552–564

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Giliberto L, Perrotta G, Pallara P et al (2005) Manipulation of the blue light photoreceptorcryptochrome 2 in tomato affects vegetative development, flowering time and fruit antioxidant content. Plant Physiol 137:199–208

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Go VLW, Nguyen CTH, Harris DM et al (2005) Nutrient-gene interaction: metabolic genotype-phenotype relationship. J Nutr 135:3016S–3020S

    Google Scholar 

  • Goldberg I (1994) Functional foods, designer foods, pharmafoods, nutraceuticals. Chapman and Hall, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Haake V, Zrenner R, Sonnewald U et al (1998) A moderate decrease of plastid aldolase activity inhibits photosynthesis, alters the levels of sugars and starch, and inhibits growth of potato plants. Plant J 14:147–157

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hall RD, Brouwer ID, Fitzgerald MA (2008) Plant metabolomics and its potential application for human nutrition. Plant Physiol 132:162–175

    Google Scholar 

  • Hajirezaei M, Sonnewald U, Viola R et al (1994) Transgenic potato plants with strongly decreased expression of pyrophosphate:fructose-6-phosphate phosphotransferase show no visible phenotype and only minor changes in metabolic fluxes in their tubers. Planta 192:16–30

    Google Scholar 

  • Herman EM, Helm RM, Jung R et al (2003) Genetic modification removes an immunodominant allergen from soybean. Plant Physiol 132:36–43

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • International Life Sciences Institute (2004a) Nutritional and safety assessments of foods and feeds nutritionally improved through bio- technology. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 3:35–104

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • International Life Sciences Institute (2004b) Nutritional and safety assessments of foods and feeds nutritionally improved through biotechnology: an executive summary. J Food Sci 69: CRH62–CRH68

    Google Scholar 

  • International Life Sciences Institute (2008) Nutritional and safety assessments of foods and feeds nutritionally improved through biotechnology: case studies. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 7:50–99

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kalaitzandonakes N, Alston J, Bradford K (2007) Compliance costs for regulatory approval of new biotech crops. Nat Biotechnol 25(5):509–510

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kinney AJ, Knowlton S (1998) Designer oils: the high oleic acid soybean. In: Roller S, Harlander S (eds) Genetic modification in the food industry. Blackie Academic and Professional, London, pp 193–213

    Google Scholar 

  • Lavelle M, Garber K (2008) Eight ways to fix the global food crisis. US News&World Report posted May 9, 2008. http://www.climos.com/news/articles/8waysto.htm.

  • Liu Q, Singh S, Green A (2002) High-oleic and high-stearic cottonseed oils: nutritionally improved cooking oils developed using gene silencing. J Am Coll Nutr 21:205S–211S

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Long M, Millar DJ, Kimura Y et al (2006) Metabolite profiling of carotenoid and phenolic pathways in mutant and transgenic lines of tomato: identification of a high antioxidant fruit line. Phytochemistry 67:1750–1757

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McCue KF, Allen PV, Rockhold DR et al (2003) Reduction of total steroidal glycoalkaloids in potato tubers using antisense constructs of a gene encoding a solanidine glucosyl transferase. Acta Hortic 619:77–86

    Google Scholar 

  • McHughen A (2007) Fatal flaws in agbiotech regulatory policies. Nat Biotechnol 25:725–727

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McHughen A, Smyth S (2008) US regulatory system for genetically modified organism(GMO), rDNA or transgenic crop cultivars. Plant Biotechnol J 6(1):2–12

    Google Scholar 

  • Mathers JC (2006) Plant foods for human health: research challenges. Proc Nutr Soc 65:198–203

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marti A, Goyenechea E, Martínez JA (2010) Nutrigenetics: a tool to provide personalized nutritional therapy to the obese. J Nutrigenet Nutrigenomics 3(4–6):157–169

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mazzatti DJ, van der Ouderaa F, Brown L (2007) The future of food: nutrigenomics and nutrigenetics. Agro Food Ind Hi Tech 18:63–66

    Google Scholar 

  • Memelink J (2004) Tailoring the plant metabolome without a loose stitch. Trends Plant Sci7:305–307

    Google Scholar 

  • Mutch DM, Wahli W, Williamson G (2005) Nutrigenomics and nutrigenetics: the emerging faces of nutrition. FASEB J 19:1602–1616

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nature (2010) How to feed a hungry world. Nature 466(7306): 531–532

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Newell-McGloughlin M (2008) Nutritionally improved agricultural crops. Plant Physiol 147:939–953

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) (2003) Considerations for the safety assessment of animal feed stuffs derived from genetically modified plants. ENV/JM/MONO. 2003.11. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Paris, France

    Google Scholar 

  • O’Quinn PR, Nelssen JL, Goodband RD et al (2000) Nutritional value of a genetically improved high-lysine, high-oil corn for young pigs. J Anim Sci 78:2144–2149

    Google Scholar 

  • Oksman-Caldenty KM, Inze´ D (2004) Plant cell factories in the post genomic era: new ways to produce designer secondary metabolites. Trends Plant Sci 9:433–440

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paul MJ, Knight JS, Habash D et al (1995) Reduction in phosphoribulokinase activity by antisense RNA in transgenic tobacco: effect on CO2 assimilation and growth in low irradiance. Plant J 7:535–542

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Potter JD, Steinmetz K (1996) Vegetables, fruit and phytoestrogens as preventive agents. IARC Sci Publ 139:61–90

    Google Scholar 

  • Potrykus I (2010) Regulation must be revolutionized. Nature Jul 29, 466(7306):561–561

    Google Scholar 

  • Royal Society Report (February (2002) Genetically modified plants for food use and human health—an update. http://www.royalsoc.ac.uk/policy/index.html http://www.royalsoc.ac.uk/files/statfiles/document-165.pdf

  • Society of Toxicology (SOT) (2003) The safety of genetically modified foods produced through biotechnology. Toxicol Sci 71(1):2–8. http://www.asa-europe.org/pdf/gmfoods.pdf

    Google Scholar 

  • Schauer N, Fernie AR (2006) Plant metabolomics: towards biological function and mechanism. Trends Plant Sci 11:508–516

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Siritunga D, Sayre RT (2003) Generation of cyanogen-free transgenic cassava. Planta 217:367–373

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Times of India (2012) No moratorium on GM crop trials till stakeholders heard: SC. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/No-moratorium-on-GM-crop-trials-till-stakeholders-heard-SC/articleshow/17011950.cms. Accessed 25 Feb 2013

  • Trewavas A (2008) The cult of the amateur in agriculture threatens food security. Trends Biotechnol 26(9):475–478. doi://000259324200002 AND http://www.ask-force.org/web/Discourse/Trewavas-Cult-Amateur-Agriculture-2008.pdf

  • Uauy C, Distelfeld A, Fahima T, Blechl A, Dubcovsky J (2006) A NAC gene regulating senescence improves grain protein, zinc, and iron content in wheat. Science 314:1298–1301

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • United Nations (2000) United Nations Millennium Declaration. http://www.un.org/millennium/declaration/ares552e.htm

  • Wambugu F (1999) Why Africa needs agricultural biotech. Nature 400:15–16

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization (2006) Nutrition for Health and Development. World Health Organization. http://www.who.int/nutrition/challenges/en/index.html. Accessed 15 April 2008

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Martina Newell-McGloughlin .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Newell-McGloughlin, M. (2014). Health Impacts. In: Ludlow, K., Smyth, S., Falck-Zepeda, J. (eds) Socio-Economic Considerations in Biotechnology Regulation. Natural Resource Management and Policy, vol 37. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9440-9_9

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics