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Roles for DSCAM and DSCAML1 in Central Nervous System Development and Disease

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Cell Adhesion Molecules

Part of the book series: Advances in Neurobiology ((NEUROBIOL,volume 8))

Abstract

DSCAMs (Down syndrome cell adhesion molecules) are a group of immunoglobulin-like transmembrane proteins that contain fibronectin III domains. The founding member of the family was isolated in a positional cloning study that sought to identify genes located on chromosome 21 at the locus 21q22.2–q22.3 that is implicated in the neurological and cardiac phenotypes associated with Down’s syndrome. In Drosophila, Dscam proteins are involved in neuronal wiring, while in vertebrates, the role of these cell adhesion molecules in neurogenesis, dendritogenesis, axonal outgrowth, synaptogenesis, and synaptic plasticity is only just beginning to be understood. In this chapter, we will review the functions ascribed to the two paralogous proteins found in humans, DSCAM and DSCAML1 (DSCAM-like 1), based on findings in knockout mice. The signaling pathways downstream of DSCAM activation and the role of DSCAM miss-expression in disease will be also discussed, particularly with regard to the intellectual disability in Down’s syndrome.

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Acknowledgments

Thanks to Francisco J. Tejedor for critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by grants from the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; grant PI110507), the Junta de Andalucía (grant P09-CTS-4610), and the Fondation Jérôme Lejeune (France).

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The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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  1. Departamento de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Sánchez-Pizjuán 4, 41009, Sevilla, Spain

    María Luz Montesinos Ph.D.

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  1. María Luz Montesinos Ph.D.
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Correspondence to María Luz Montesinos Ph.D. .

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  1. Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

    Vladimir Berezin

  2. Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

    Peter S. Walmod

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Montesinos, M.L. (2014). Roles for DSCAM and DSCAML1 in Central Nervous System Development and Disease. In: Berezin, V., Walmod, P. (eds) Cell Adhesion Molecules. Advances in Neurobiology, vol 8. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8090-7_11

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