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Primates, Pathogens and Evolution: An Introduction

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Primates, Pathogens, and Evolution

Part of the book series: Developments in Primatology: Progress and Prospects ((DIPR))

Abstract

Pathogens are a major force affecting the evolution of mammals. In primates, strong interspecies differences in disease susceptibility, progression, and survival after exposure to particular pathogens such as immunodeficiency viruses, Plasmodium, Trypanosoma, herpesvirus suggests the existence of species-specific pathogen-associated selective pressures in the past. Despite increasing recognition that the immune systems of particular primates have evolved to respond to unique challenges, we have a fairly superficial understanding of differences in primate immune function, primate–pathogen molecular interaction, and pathogen–primate coevolution. Research in this field is hindered by a lack of interdisciplinary and cross-field integration, a focus on a limited number of pathogens, and the separation of research on primate molecular evolution and primate immune function. To better understand human and nonhuman primate evolution, immune function, and susceptibility to infectious disease, a synthesis of research on the pathogen-related evolution and biochemical mechanisms of primate interaction with a broad range of microorganisms is required. A comprehensive model of how primates and pathogens have coevolved is crucial, as interspecies differences in primate–pathogen molecular interaction play a role in the emergence of pandemic human pathogens (HIV–1/HIV-2, malaria/Plasmodium, and lice) and affect the sustainability of primate populations (Toxoplasma and Mycobacterium), the utility of primate biomedical models, and the evolution of primate genomes.

This volume was assembled to address these needs. Here, we discuss the importance of understanding primate–pathogen interaction in the context of primate evolution, conservation, and medicine, as well as highlighting current obstacles to developing a holistic picture of evolutionary interaction between primates and pathogens.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada

    Jessica F. Brinkworth

  2. Department of Anthropology, Queens College, City University of New York, Flushing, NY, USA

    Kate Pechenkina

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  1. Department of Pediatrics, CHU Saint-Justine Research Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada

    Jessica F. Brinkworth

  2. Department of Anthropology, Queens College, City University of New Y, New York, New York, USA

    Kate Pechenkina

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Brinkworth, J.F., Pechenkina, K. (2013). Primates, Pathogens and Evolution: An Introduction. In: Brinkworth, J., Pechenkina, K. (eds) Primates, Pathogens, and Evolution. Developments in Primatology: Progress and Prospects. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7181-3_1

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