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Human Brain Imaging of Tinnitus

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Tinnitus

Part of the book series: Springer Handbook of Auditory Research ((SHAR,volume 44))

Abstract

This chapter describes the study of tinnitus in humans by means of neuroimaging to measure brain function and structure. Here, “neuroimaging” is defined to mean any of a variety of noninvasive techniques, from scalp recordings of electrical activity, to images permitting quantification of the gray and white matter of the cerebral cortex, to neurally coupled changes in blood flow. This chapter focuses specifically on the use of neuroimaging to understand chronic, subjective tinnitus, that is, tinnitus that is lasting and cannot be explained by either an external sound source, or a source within the body (Eggermont and Zeng, Chapter 1). Although defined as the perception of sound lacking a physical sound source, the clinical condition of tinnitus is more than the percept. The tinnitus patient often presents with depression, anxiety, difficulties concentrating, and/or difficulties sleeping. These nonperceptual aspects of the condition are what make tinnitus a clinical problem for approximately 5–10% of the population (Coles, 1984; Shargorodsky et al., 2010).

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Acknowledgments

The author thanks Barbara Norris for her assistance with figures and referencing.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, 243 Charles St., Boston, MA, 02114, USA

    Jennifer R. Melcher

  2. Department of Otology and Laryngology & Harvard–MIT, Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Jennifer R. Melcher

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  1. Jennifer R. Melcher
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jennifer R. Melcher .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. Psychology, University of Calgary, University Drive NW., 2500, Calgary, T2N 1N4, Alberta, Canada

    Jos J. Eggermont

  2. Dept. Otolaryngology - Head &, Neck Surgery, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, 92697, California, USA

    Fan-Gang Zeng

  3. , Department of Biology, University of Maryland, 2225 Bio-Psych, College Park, 20742-4415, Maryland, USA

    Arthur N. Popper

  4. Marine Biological Laboratory, 7 MBL Street, Woods Hole, 02543, Massachusetts, USA

    Richard R. Fay

Abbreviations

ASSR

auditory steady-state response

BOLD

blood oxygenation level–dependent

CVA

clustered volume acquisition

DTI

diffusion tensor imaging

EEG

electroencephalogram

ERP

event-related potential

IC

inferior colliculi

MEG

agnetoencephalogram

MRI

magnetic resonance imaging

OFM

oral–facial maneuvers

PAC

primary auditory cortex

PET

positron emission tomography

SPECT

single-photon emission computed tomography

SQUID

superconducting quantum interference device

VBM

voxel-based morphometry

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Melcher, J.R. (2012). Human Brain Imaging of Tinnitus. In: Eggermont, J., Zeng, FG., Popper, A., Fay, R. (eds) Tinnitus. Springer Handbook of Auditory Research, vol 44. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3728-4_8

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