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Circadian Misalignment and Sleep Disruption in Shift Work: Implications for Fatigue and Risk of Weight Gain and Obesity

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Sleep Loss and Obesity

Abstract

The interplay of circadian timing and metabolic physiology represents a new frontier in biomedical research. Emerging evidence from animal models indicates that circadian physiology impacts weight gain, including the observation of obesity in clock gene mutants and most recently the finding that food intake restricted to the habitual sleep time of mice leads to weight gain as compared to the same amount of food intake during the normal wake episode. Eating at night is common in work schedules with long work hours and with work operations during the nighttime hours (e.g., health care, emergency response, security personnel) and in circadian sleep disorders including, but not limited to, shift work disorder. Shift work and shift work disorder are associated with circadian misalignment, sleep disruption, and fatigue, all of which may contribute to weight gain and obesity via the modification of feeding hormones and perhaps total daily energy expenditure. Future research is needed to explore the impact of circadian misalignment/sleep disruption and the resulting fatigue on metabolic physiology in shift workers, the mechanisms underlying this association and to develop effective countermeasures to promote shift worker health and well-being.

Preparation of this manuscript was supported in part by NIH HL085705 and HL081761.

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Acknowledgement

This work was supported by NIH/NCRR Colorado CTSI Grant Number UL1 RR025780.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado at Boulder, 1725 Pleasant Street, Clare Small 114, Boulder, CO, 80309-0354, USA

    Rachel R. Markwald PhD & Kenneth P. Wright Jr. PhD

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  1. Rachel R. Markwald PhD
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  2. Kenneth P. Wright Jr. PhD
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Correspondence to Kenneth P. Wright Jr. PhD .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. , Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, 1400 VFW Parkway, West Roxbury, 02132, USA

    Priyattam Shiromani

  2. , Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 375 Congress Ave., New Haven, 06519, USA

    Tamas Horvath

  3. , Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Wome, 221 Longwood Ave., Boston, 02115, USA

    Susan Redline

  4. , Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, Chicago, 60637, USA

    Eve Van Cauter

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Markwald, R.R., Wright, K.P. (2012). Circadian Misalignment and Sleep Disruption in Shift Work: Implications for Fatigue and Risk of Weight Gain and Obesity. In: Shiromani, P., Horvath, T., Redline, S., Van Cauter, E. (eds) Sleep Loss and Obesity. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3492-4_8

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