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Introduction
Among the metals of the first transition series, cobalt (Co) is next to iron (Fe) and exhibits three oxidation states (+1, +2, and +3) much like its congener iron (+2, +3, and +4). However, unlike iron, it is present in a relatively small number of enzymes and cofactors (Kobayashi and Shimizu 1999). In addition, it does not participate in oxygen activation, a process that iron frequently takes part in. In the +3 oxidation state, cobalt enjoys high crystal field stabilization energy (CFSE) in several coordination geometries. Significantly, high stability arises when Co3+ exists in spin-paired (low-spin) electronic configuration within an octahedral coordination environment of strong ligands. Such stability often makes the Co3+center resistant to substitution processes such as exchange of a bound water molecule for the substrate. Such a center however can serve as a strong Lewis...
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Harrop, T.C., Mascharak, P.K. (2013). Cobalt-containing Enzymes. In: Kretsinger, R.H., Uversky, V.N., Permyakov, E.A. (eds) Encyclopedia of Metalloproteins. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1533-6_71
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1533-6_71
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