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Mitochondrial Importance in Alzheimer’s, Huntington’s and Parkinson’s Diseases

  • Chapter
Neurodegenerative Diseases

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 724))

Abstract

Mitochondria have been long known as “gatekeepers of life and death”. Indeed, these dynamic organelles are the master coordinators of energy metabolism, being responsible for the generation of the majority of cellular ATP. Notably, mitochondria are also one of the primary producers of intracellular reactive oxygen species which are the main inducer of oxidative damage. Neurons, as metabolically active cells with high energy demands, are predominantly dependent on mitochondrial function, as reflected by the observation that mitochondrial defects are key features of chronic neurodegenerative diseases. Indeed, morphologic, biochemical and molecular genetic studies posit that mitochondria constitute a convergence point for neurodegeneration. Moreover, recent findings convey that neurons are particularly reliant on the dynamic properties of mitochondria, further emphasizing the critical role of mitochondria in neuronal functions. This chapter highlights how mitochondrial pathobiology might contribute to neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases.

Editor’s Note Sadly, Dr. Mark A. Smith passed away during the production of this book. Please read the full “in memoriam” located on page xxxi in the front of the book. His innovative thinking and contributions to the scientific community will be greatly missed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal

    Sónia C. Correia, Renato X. Santos & Paula I. Moreira

  2. Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal

    Sónia C. Correia & Renato X. Santos

  3. Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

    George Perry, Xiongwei Zhu & Mark A. Smith

  4. UTSA Neurosciences Institute and Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA

    George Perry

  5. Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Physiology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal

    Paula I. Moreira

Authors
  1. Sónia C. Correia
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  2. Renato X. Santos
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  3. George Perry
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  4. Xiongwei Zhu
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  5. Paula I. Moreira
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  6. Mark A. Smith
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Correspondence to Xiongwei Zhu .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK

    Shamim I. Ahmad BSc, MSc, PhD

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Correia, S.C., Santos, R.X., Perry, G., Zhu, X., Moreira, P.I., Smith, M.A. (2012). Mitochondrial Importance in Alzheimer’s, Huntington’s and Parkinson’s Diseases. In: Ahmad, S.I. (eds) Neurodegenerative Diseases. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 724. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0653-2_16

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