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The Use of Intact Cellular Activation Systems in Genetic Toxicology Assays

  • Chapter
Chemical Mutagens

Abstract

Most of the target cells used in in vitro genetic toxicology assay systems have limited endogenous xenobiotic metabolic capacity, and most environmental chemicals to which humans are exposed exist in a promutagenic and/or procarcinogenic form, thereby requiring metabolic activation to manifest biological activity.(1,2) In order to use these organisms to detect agents which many be genotoxic, exogenous metabolic activation is usually required to determine biological activity of these chemicals in in vitro systems. To date, most in vitro short-term assay systems have included rat liver homogenates (S-9) for metabolic activation. Several studies, however, indicate that S-9 preparations may not simulate the in vivo activation process and that intact cells may be more representative of in vivo activation conditions.(3−8) In fact, the use of S-9 preparations may yield artifactual results.(6) Therefore, one of the goals of our laboratory has been the development and use of intact cellular activation systems in assays to detect genotoxic agents, as well as to study fundamental mechanisms associated with the bioactivation process.

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Author notes

  1. Robert Langenbach

    Present address: Cellular and Genetic Toxicology Branch, National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, 27709, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Carcinogenesis and Metabolism Branch, Genetic Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, 27711, USA

    Robert Langenbach

  2. Northrop Services, Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, 27709, USA

    Linda Oglesby

Authors
  1. Robert Langenbach
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  2. Linda Oglesby
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA

    Frederick J. de Serres

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© 1983 Plenum Press, New York

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Langenbach, R., Oglesby, L. (1983). The Use of Intact Cellular Activation Systems in Genetic Toxicology Assays. In: de Serres, F.J. (eds) Chemical Mutagens. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-3694-5_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-3694-5_2

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-3696-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-3694-5

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