Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Properties and Function of Phosphatidylcholine Transfer Proteins

  • Chapter
The Enzymes of Biological Membranes

Abstract

When phospholipids extracted from biological membranes are dispersed in water, bilayer structures are spontaneously formed (Bangham et al., 1965). This process of self-association is thermodynamically driven. It involves the extrusion of the hydrophobic acyl chains from the medium and the orientation of the polar head groups at the bilayer-water interface. In general, natural phospholipids have a very low critical micelle concentration. Consequently, the rate at which a monomer molecule dissociates from the bilayer is low, thus resulting in a slow approach to equilibrium (Reynolds, 1982). In agreement with this notion, spontaneous equilibration of phospholipid molecules between model membrane structures by diffusion of soluble monomers is a matter of days (Duckwitz-Peterlein et al, 1977; McLean and Phillips, 1981). Interestingly, equilibration is greatly accelerated when membranes are prepared with phospholipids containing unnatural fatty acids like fluorescently labeled fatty acids (Roseman and Thompson, 1980; Nichols and Pagano, 1981) or myristic acid (Martin and MacDonald, 1976). This acceleration may be a reflection on the stability of these lipid molecules in the bilayer structure apparently resulting in an enhanced establishment of the bilayer-monomer equilibrium. Despite the great tendency for a phospholipid molecule to stay with the bilayer structure, numerous studies with intact cells have indicated that in situ phospholipid movement between subcellular organelles can be very fast (Stein and Stein, 1969; Wirtz and Zilversmit, 1969; Jungalwala and Dawson, 1970). It is believed now that the phospholipid transfer proteins detected in the cytoplasm of mammalian and plant tissues are involved in this intermembranous transfer of phospholipids.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Abdelkader, A. B., and Mazliak, P., 1970, Echange de lipides entre mitochondries, microsomes et surnageant cytoplasmique de cellules de pomme de terre ou de chou-fleur, Eur. J. Biochem. 15:250–262.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Akeroyd, R., Moonen, P., Westerman, J., Puyk, W. C., and Wirtz, K. W. A., 1981a, The complete primary structure of the phosphatidylcholine-transfer protein from bovine liver. Isolation and characterization of the cyanogen bromide peptides, Eur. J. Biochem. 114:385–391.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Akeroyd, R., Lange, L. G., Westerman, J., and Wirtz, K. W. A., 1981b, Modification of the phosphatidylcholine transfer protein from bovine liver with butanedione and phenylglyoxal. Evidence for one essential arginine residue, Eur. J. Biochem. 121:77–81.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Akeroyd, R., Lenstra, J. A., Westerman, J., Vriend, G., Wirtz, K. W. A., and van Deenen, L. L. M., 1982, Prediction of secondary structural elements in the phosphatidylcholine transfer protein from bovine liver, Eur. J. Biochem. 121:391–394.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Akiyama, M, and Sakagami, T., 1969, Exchange of mitochondria lecithin and cephalin with those in rat liver microsomes, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 187:105–112.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Akutsu, H., and Seelig, J., 1981, Interaction of metal ions with phosphatidylcholine bilayer membranes, Biochemistry 20:7366–7373.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bangham, A. D., Standish, M. M., and Watkins, J. C., 1965, Diffusion of univalent ions across the lamellae of swollen phospholipids, J. Mol. Biol. 13:238–252.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bozzato, R. P., and Tinker, D. O., 1982, Effects of membrane fluidity and identification of the rate-limiting step in the protein-mediated phosphatidylcholine exchange reaction, Can. J. Biochem. 60:409–418.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Burstein, E. A., Vedenkino, N. S., and Ivkova, M. N., 1973, Fluorescence and the location of the tryptophan residues in protein molecules, Photochem. Photobiol. 18:263–279.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chou, P. Y., and Fasman, G. D., 1978, Prediction of the secondary structure of proteins from their amino acid sequence, Adv. Enzymol. 47:45–148.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cobon, G. S., Crowfoot, P. D., Murphy, M., and Linnane, A. W., 1976, Exchange of phospholipids between mitochondria and microsomes in vitro stimulated by yeast cell cytosol, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 441:255–259.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, L. K., Lueking, D. R., and Kaplan, S., 1979, Intermembrane phospholipid transfer mediated by cell-free extracts of Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides, J. Biol. Chem. 254:721–728.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Crain, R. C., and Zilversmit, D. B., 1980, Two nonspecific phospholipid exchange proteins from beef liver 1. Purification and characterization, Biochemistry 19:1433–1439.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Damen, J., Regts, J., and Scherphof, G., 1982, Transfer of [14C]phosphatidylcholine between liposomes and human plasma high density lipoprotein. Partial purification of a transfer-stimulating plasma factor using a rapid transfer assay, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 712:444–452.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • De Kruyff, B., and Wirtz, K. W. A., 1977, Induction of a relatively fast transbilayer movement of phosphatidylcholine in vesicles. A 13C NMR study, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 468:318–326.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Demel, R. A., Wirtz, K. W. A., Kamp, H. H., Geurts Van Kessel, W. S. M., and Van Deenen, L. L. M., 1973, Phosphatidylcholine exchange protein from beef liver, Nature New Biol. 246:102–105.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Devaux, P. F., Moonen, P., Bienvenue, A., and Wirtz, K. W. A., 1977, Lipid-protein interaction in the phosphatidylcholine exchange protein, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 74:1807–1810.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • DiCorleto, P. E., Fakharzadeh, F. F., Searles, L. L., and Zilversmit, D. B., 1977, Stimulation by acidic phospholipid of protein-catalyzed phosphatidylcholine transfer, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 468:296–304.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • DiCorleto, P. E., Warach, J. B., and Zilversmit, D. B., 1979, Purification and characterization of two phospholipid exchange proteins from bovine heart, J. Biol. Chem. 254:7795–7802.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dollady, D., Grosbois, M., Guerbette, F., and Kader, J. C., 1982, Purification of a basic phospholipid transfer protein from maize seedlings, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 710:143–153.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duckwitz-Peterlein, G., Eilenberger, G., and Overath, P., 1977, Phospholipid exchange between bilayer membranes, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 469:311–325.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dyatlovitskaya, E. V., Timofeeva, N. G., and Bergelson, L. D., 1978, A universal lipid exchange protein from rat hepatoma, Eur. J. Biochem. 82:463–471.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Engle, M. J., Van Golde, L. M. G., and Wirtz, K. W. A., 1978, Transfer of phospholipids between subcellular fractions of the lung, FEBS Lett. 86:277–281.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hauser, H., Hinckley, C. C., Krebs, J., Levine, B. A., Phillips, M. C., and Williams, R. J. P., 1977, The interaction of ions with phosphatidylcholine bilayers, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 468:364–377.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Helmkamp, G. M., 1980, Concerning the mechanism of action of bovine liver phospholipid exchange protein:Exchange or net transfer, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 97:1091–1096.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Helmkamp, G. M., Harvey, M. S., Wirtz, K. W. A., and Van Deenen, L. L. M., 1974, Phospholipid exchange between membranes. Purification of bovine brain proteins that preferentially catalyze the transfer of phosphatidylinositol, J. Biol. Chem. 249:6382–6389.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Helmkamp, G. M., Nelemans, S. A., and Wirtz, K. W. A., 1976, Immunological comparison of phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylcholine exchange proteins in bovine brain, liver and heart, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 424:168–182.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Huang, C., and Mason, J. T., 1978, Geometric packing constraints in egg phosphatidylcholine vesicles, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 75:308–310.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ihm, J., Harmony, J. A. K., Ellsworth, J. L., and Jackson, R. L., 1980, Simultaneous transfer of cholesteryl ester and phospholipid by protein(s) isolated from human lipoprotein-free plasma, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 93:1114–1120.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Janin, J., and Chothia, C., 1980, Packing of α-helices onto β-pleated sheets and the anatomy of α/β proteins, J. Mol. Biol. 143:95–128.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, L. W., Hughes, M. E., and Zilversmit, D. B., 1975, Use of phospholipid exchange protein to measure inside-outside transposition in phosphatidylcholine liposomes, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 375:176–185.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jungalwala, F. B., and Dawson, R. M. C., 1970, Phospholipid synthesis and exchange in isolated liver cells, Biochem. J. 117:481–490.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kader, J. C., 1975, Proteins and the intracellular exchange of lipids. 1. Stimulation of phospholipid exchange between mitochondria and microsomal fractions by proteins isolated from potato tuber, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 380:31–44.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kader, J. C., Dollady, D., and Mazlick, P., 1983, Phospholipid transfer proteins, in:Phospholipids ( J. N. Hawthorne and G. B. Ansell, eds.), Elsevier Biomedical Press, Amsterdam, pp. 279–311.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kamp, H. H., Wirtz, K. W. A., and Van Deenen, L. L. M., 1973, Some properties of phosphatidylcholine exchange protein purified from beef liver, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 318:313–325.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kamp, H. H., Wirtz, K. W. A., and Van Deenen, L. L. M., 1975a, Delipidation of the phosphatidylcholine exchange protein from beef liver by detergents, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 398:401–414.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kamp, H. H., Sprengers, E. D., Westerman, J., Wirtz, K. W. A., and Van Deenen, L. L. M., 1975b, Action of phospholipases on the phosphatidylcholine exchange protein from beef liver, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 398:415–423.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kamp, H. H., Wirtz, K. W. A., Baer, P. R., Slotboom, A. J., Rosenthal, A. F., Paltauf, F., and Van Deenen, L. L. M., 1977, Specificity of the phosphatidylcholine exchange protein from bovine liver, Biochemistry 16:1310–1316.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kanehisa, M. I., and Tsong, T. Y., 1980, Local hydrophobicity stabilizes secondary structures in proteins, Biopolymers 19:1617–1628.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kasper, A. M., and Helmkamp, G. M., 1981, Protein-catalyzed phospholipid exchange between gel and liquid-crystalline phospholipid vesicles, Biochemistry 20:146–151.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lifter, J., Hew, C. L., Yoshioka, M., Richards, F. F., and Konigsberg, W. H., 1974, Affinity-labeled peptides obtained from the combining region of myeloma protein 460, Biochemistry 13:3567–3571.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lim, V. I., 1974a, Structural principles of the globular organization of protein chains. A stereochemical theory of globular protein secondary structure, J. Mol. Biol. 88:857–872.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lim, V. I., 1974b, Algorithms for prediction of α-helical and ß-structural regions in globular proteins, J. Mol. Biol. 88:873–894.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lumb, R. H., Kloosterman, A. D., Wirtz, K. W. A., and Van Deenen, L. L. M., 1976, Some properties of phospholipid exchange proteins from rat liver. Eur. J. Biochem. 69:15–22.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lumb, R. H., Cottle, D. A., White, L. C., Hoyle, S. N., Pool, G. L., and Brumley, G. W., 1980, Lung phosphotidylcholine transfer in six vertebrate species. Correlations with surfactant parameters, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 620:172–175.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Machida, K., and Ohnishi, S., 1978, A spin-label study of phosphatidylcholine exchange protein. Regulation of the activity by phosphatidylserine and calcium ion, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 507:156–164.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Machida, K., and Ohnishi, S., 1980, Effect of bilayer membrane curvature on activity of phosphatidylcholine exchange protein, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 596:201–209.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Manavalan, P., and Ponnuswamy, P. K., 1978, Hydrophobic character of amino acid residues in globular proteins, Nature (London) 275:673–674.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martin, F. J., and MacDonald, R. C., 1976, Phospholiid exchange between bilayer membrane vesicles, Biochemistry 15:321–327.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McLean, L. R., and Phillips, M. C., 1981, Mechanism of cholesterol and phosphatidylcholine exchange or transfer between unilamellar vesicles, Biochemistry 20:2893–2900.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McMurray, W. C., and Dawson, R. M. C., 1969, Phospholipid exchange reactions within the liver cell, Biochem. J. 12:91–108.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moonen, P., Haagsman, H. P., Van Deenen, L. L. M., and Wirtz, K. W. A., 1979, Determination of the hydrophobic binding site of phosphatidylcholine exchange protein with photosensitive phosphatidylcholine, Eur. J. Biochem. 99:439–445.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moonen, P., Akeroyd, R., Westerman, J., Puyk, W. C., Smits, P., and Wirtz, K. W. A., 1980, The primary structure of the phosphatidylcholine exchange protein from bovine liver. Isolation and characterization of the staphylococcal protease peptides and the amino acid sequence of the N-terminal half (residues 11-122), Eur. J. Biochem. 106:279–290.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nichols, J. W., and Pagano, R. E., 1981, Kinetics of soluble lipid monomer diffusion between vesicles, Biochemistry 20:2783–2789.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nozaki, Y., and Tanford, C., 1971, The solubility of amino acids and two glycine peptides in aqueous ethanol and dioxane solutions, J. Biol. Chem. 246:2211–2217.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ponnuswamy, P. K., Prabhakaran, M., and Manavalan, P., 1980, Hydrophobic packing and spatial arrangement of amino acid residues in globular proteins, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 623:301–316.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Poorthuis, B. J. H. M., Van der Krift, T. P., Teerlink, T., Akeroyd, R., Hostetler, K. Y., and Wirtz, K. W. A., 1980, Phospholipid transfer activities in Morris hepatomas and the specific contributions of the phosphatidylcholine exchange protein, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 600:376–386.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Post, M., Batenburg, J. J., Schuurmans, E. A. J. M., and Van Golde, L. M. G., 1980, Phospholipid- transfer activity in type II cells isolated from adult rat lung, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 620:317–321.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reynolds, J. A., 1982, Interaction between proteins and amphiphiles, in:Lipid-Protein Interactions, Vol. 2 ( P. C. Jost and O. H. Griffith, eds.), Wiley-Interscience, New York, pp. 193–224.

    Google Scholar 

  • Robinson, M. E., Wu, L. N. Y., Brumley, G. W., and Lumb, R. H., 1978, A unique phosphatidylcholine exchange protein isolated from sheep lung, FEBS Lett. 87:41–44.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Robson, R. J., Radhakrishnan, R., Ross, A. H., Takagaki, Y., and Khorana, H. G., 1982, Photochemical cross-linking in studies of lipid-protein interactions, in:Lipid-Protein Interactions, Vol. 2 ( P. C. Jost and O. H. Griffith, eds.), Wiley-Interscience, New York, pp. 149–192.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rose, G. D., 1978, Prediction of chain turns in globular proteins on a hydrophobic basis, Nature (London) 272:586–590.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rose, G. D., and Roy, S., 1980, Hydrophobic basis of packing in globular proteins, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77:4643–4647.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roseman, M. A., and Thompson, T. E., 1980, Mechanism of the spontaneous transfer of phospholipids between bilayers, Biochemistry 19:439–444.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rothman, J. E., and Dawidowicz, E. A., 1975, Asymmetric exchange of vesicle phospholipids catalyzed by the phosphatidylcholine exchange protein. Measurement of inside-outside transitions, Biochemistry 14:2809–2816.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sasaki, T., and Sakagami, T., 1978, A new assay system of phospholipid exchange activities using concanavalin A in the separation of donor and acceptor liposomes, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 512:461–471.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schulz, G. E., and Schirmer, R. H., 1979, Patterns of folding and association of polypeptide chains, in:Principles of Protein Structure ( C. R. Cantor, ed.), Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, pp. 66–165.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stein, O., and Stein, Y., 1969, Lecithin synthesis, intracellular transport and secretion in rat liver, J. Cell Biol. 40:461–483.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sternberg, M. J. E., and Thornton, J. M., 1978, Prediction of protein structure from amino acid sequence, Nature 271:15–20.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tanaka, T., and Yamada, M., 1979, A phosphatidylcholine exchange protein isolated from germinated castor bean endosperms, Plant Cell Physiol. 20:533–542.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Teerlink, T., Poorthuis, B. J. H. M., Van der Krift, T. P., and Wirtz, K. W. A., 1981, Measurement of phosphtidylcholine transfer protein in rat liver and hepatomas by radio-immunoassay, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 665:74–80.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Teerlink, T., Van der Krift, T. P., Post, M., and Wirtz, K. W. A., 1982, Tissue distribution and subcellular localization of phosphatidylcholine transfer protein in rats as determined by radio-immunoassay, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 713:61–67.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tsao, F. H. C., 1980, Specific transfer of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine in rabbit lung, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 601:415–426.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Van den Besselaar, A. M. H. P., Helmkamp, G. M., and Wirtz, K. W. A., 1975, Kinetic model of the protein-mediated phosphatidylcholine exchange between single bilayer liposomes, Biochemistry 14:1852–1858.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Van Golde, L. M. G., Raben, J., Batenburg, J. J., Fleischer, B., Zambrano, F., and Fleischer, S., 1974, Biosynthesis of lipids in Golgi complex and other subcellular fractions from rat liver, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 360:179–192.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Van Golde, L. M. G., Oldenborg, V., Post, M., Batenburg, J. J., Poorthuis, B. J. H. M., and Wirtz, K. W. A., 1980, Phospholipid transfer proteins in rat lung:Identification of a protein specific for phosphatidylglycerol, J. Biol. Chem. 255:6011–6013.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Voelker, D. R., and Kennedy, E. P., 1982, Cellular and enzymic synthesis of sphingomyelin, J. Biol. Chem. 21:2753–2759.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Westerman, J., Kamp, H. H., and Wirtz, K. W. A., 1983a, Phosphatidylcholine transfer protein from bovine liver, in:Methods in Enzymology, Vol. 98. ( S. Fleischer and B. Fleischer, eds.), Academic Press, New York, pp. 581–586.

    Google Scholar 

  • Westerman, J., Wirtz, K. W. A., Berkhout, T., Van Deenen, L. L. M., Radhakrishnan, R., and Khorana, H. G., 1983b, Identification of the lipid binding site of phosphatidylcholine transfer protein with phosphatidylcholine analogs containing photoactivable carbene precursors, Eur. J. Biochem., 132:441–449.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wilgram, G. F., and Kennedy, E. P., 1963, Intracellular distribution of some enzymes catalyzing reactions in the biosynthesis of complex lipids, J. Biol. Chem. 238:2615–2619.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, D. B., Ellsworth, J. L., and Jackson, R. L., 1980, Net transfer of phosphatidylcholine from plasma low density lipoproteins to sphingomyelin-apolipoprotein A-II complexes by bovine liver and human plasma phospholipid exchange proteins, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 620:550–561.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wirtz, K. W. A., 1982, Phospholipid transfer proteins, in:Lipid-Protein Interactions, Vol. 1 ( P. C. Jost and O. H. Griffith, eds.), Wiley-Interscience, New York, pp. 151–231.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wirtz, K. W. A., and Moonen, P., 1977, Interaction of the phosphatidylcholine exchange protein with phospholipids. A fluorescence and circular dichroism study, Eur. J. Biochem. 77:437–443.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wirtz, K. W. A., and Zilversmit, D. B., 1968, Exchange of phospholipids between liver mitochondria and microsomes in vitro, J. Biol. Chem. 243:3596–3602.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wirtz, K. W. A., and Zilversmit, D. B., 1969, The use of phenobarbital and carbon tetrachloride to examine liver phospholipid exchange in intact rats, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 187:468–476.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wirtz, K. W. A., Geurts van Kessel, W. S. M., Kamp, H. H., and Demel, R. A., 1976, The protein- mediated transfer of phosphatidylcholine between membranes. The effect of membrane lipid composition and ionic composition of the medium, Eur. J. Biochem. 61:515–523.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wirtz, K. W. A., Vriend, G., and Westerman, J., 1979, Kinetic analysis of the interaction of the phosphatidylcholine exchange protein with unilamellar vesicles and multi-lamellar liposomes, Eur. J. Biochem. 94:215–221.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wirtz, K. W. A., Devaux, P. F., and Bienvenue, A., 1980a, Phosphatidylcholine exchange protein catalyzes the net transfer of phosphatidylcholine to model membranes, Biochemistry 19:3395–3399.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wirtz, K. W. A., Moonen, P., Van Deenen, L. L. M., Radhakrishnan, R., and Khorana, H. G., 1980b, Identification of the lipid binding site of the phosphatidylcholine exchange protein with a photosensitive nitrene and carbene precursor of phosphatidylcholine, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 348:244–255.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wolfenden, R., Andersson, L., Cullis, P. M., and Southgate, C. C. B., 1981, Affinity of amino acid side chains for solvent water, Biochemistry 20:849–855.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yamada, K., Sasaki, T., and Sakagami, T., 1978, Separation and purification of phospholipid exchange proteins in rat small intestinal mucosa, J. Biochem. 84:855–863.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yoshioka, M., Lifter, J., Hew, C. L., Converse, C. A., Armstrong, M. Y. K., Konigsberg, W. H., and Richards, F. F., 1973, Studies on the combining region of protein 460, a mouse γA immunoglobulin which binds several haptens. Binding and reactivity of two types of photoaffinity labeling reagents, Biochemistry 12:4679–4685.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zborowski, J., and Demel, R. A., 1982, Transfer properties of the bovine brain phospholipid transfer protein. Effect of charged phospholipids and of phosphatidylcholine fatty acid composition, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 688:381–387.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zilversmit, D. B., and Hughes, M. E., 1976, Phospholipid exchange between membranes, in:Methods in Membrane Biology, Vol. 7 ( E. D. Korn, ed.), Plenum Press, New York, pp. 211–259.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Biochemistry, State University of Utrecht, University Centre “De Uithof,”, NL-3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands

    Karel W. A. Wirtz, Tom Teerlink & Rob Akeroyd

Authors
  1. Karel W. A. Wirtz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Rob Akeroyd
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. State University of New York, Syracuse, New York, USA

    Anthony N. Martonosi

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1985 Plenum Press, New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Wirtz, K.W.A., Teerlink, T., Akeroyd, R. (1985). Properties and Function of Phosphatidylcholine Transfer Proteins. In: Martonosi, A.N. (eds) The Enzymes of Biological Membranes. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2355-6_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2355-6_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-9442-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-2355-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation