Abstract
Investigations of genetic alterations associated with neoplasia have identified a limited set of cellular genes, termed proto-oncogenes, that are highly conserved in vertebrate evolution. Acute transforming retroviruses have substituted viral genes essential for replication with these discrete segments of host genetic information. When incorporated within the retroviral genome, such transduced sequences acquire the ability to induce neoplastic transformation as viral oncogenes, an observation that initially linked these genes to the neoplastic process [1, 2].
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Kraus, M.H., Di Fiore, P.P., Pierce, J.H., Aaronson, S.A. (1988). Different mechanisms are responsible for oncogene activation in human mammary neoplasia. In: Lippman, M.E., Dickson, R.B. (eds) Breast Cancer: Cellular and Molecular Biology. Cancer Treatment and Research, vol 40. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1733-3_3
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