Skip to main content

The Basis of Recalcitrant Seed Behaviour

Cell Biology of the Homoiohydrous Seed Condition

  • Chapter
Recent Advances in the Development and Germination of Seeds

Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((NSSA,volume 187))

Abstract

The term ‘recalcitrance’, defined as obstinate disobedience, refers to seeds that undergo no maturation drying as the final phase of development, tolerate very little post-shedding desiccation and are often chilling-sensitive. Such seeds are unstorable by any of the methods used for air-dry orthodox seeds. Since these terms were introduced by Roberts in 1973, much of the widely-disseminated literature has been systematically collated to afford an overview of recalcitrant seeds, particularly those of crop species (Chin and Roberts, 1980). Two major unresolved issues emerged from that overview: there was no explanation of the basis of recalcitrant seed behaviour, and no successful storage regimes had been established. The present contribution deals with progress that has been made towards an understanding of the responses of post-harvest, recalcitrant seeds in terms of their cell biology.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Bain, J. and Mercer, F.V. (1966), Subcellular organisation of the developing cotyledons ofPisum sativumL.,Aust. J. Biol. Sci., 19:49.

    Google Scholar 

  • Berjak, P. (1989), The basis of the storage behaviour of seeds ofHevea brasiIiensis, (In Prep.).

    Google Scholar 

  • Berjak, P., Dini, M. and Pammenter, N.W. (1984), Possible mechanisms underlying the differing dehydration responses in recalcitrant and orthodox seeds: desiccation-associated subcellular changes in propagules ofAvicennia marina,Seed Sci. & Technol., 12: 365.

    Google Scholar 

  • Berjak, P., Wesley-Smith, J. and Mycock, D.J. (1988), UItrastructuraI characteristics of stored seeds ofHevea brasiIiensis,Proc. Electron Microsc. Soc. South. Afr., 18:101.

    Google Scholar 

  • Berjak, P., Farrant, J.M., Mycock, D.J. and Pammenter, N.W. (1989a), Deterioration and pathology of recalcitrant (homoiohydrous) seeds,Proc. 22nd ISTA Congress, Edinburgh.

    Google Scholar 

  • Berjak, P., Farrant, J.M., Mycock, D.J. and Pammenter, N.W. (1989b), Recalcitrant (homoiohydrous) seeds: the enigma of their desiccation-sensitivity,Seed Sci. & Technol. (In Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bewley, J.D. and Krochko, J.E. (1982), Desiccation tolerance,in“Physiological Plant Ecology II. Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology”, New Series, Volume 12B, O.L. Lange, P.S. Nobel, C.B. Osmond and H. Ziegler, eds, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bewley, J.D., Kermode, A.R. and Misra, S. (1989), Desiccation and minimal drying treatments of seeds of castor bean andPhaseolus vulgariswhich terminate development and promote germination cause changes in protein and messenger RNA synthesis,Ann. Bot., 63:3.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Caffrey, M., Fonseca, V. and Leopold, A.C. (1988), Lipid-sugar interactions,Plant Physiol., 86:754.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chin, H.F. (1980), Germination,in“Recalcitrant Crop Seeds”, H.F. Chin and E.H. Roberts, eds, Tropical Press SDN.BDH, Kuala Lumpur.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chin, H.F. and Roberts, E.H. (1980), “Recalcitrant Crop Seeds”, Tropical Press SDN.BDH, Kuala Lumpur.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chin, H.F., Aziz, M., Ang, B.B. and Samsidar, H. (1981), The effect of moisture and temperature on the ultrastructure and viability of seeds ofHevea brasiIiensis,Seed Sci. & Technol.,9: 411.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crowe, J.H. and Crowe, L.M. (1986a), Stabilisation of membranes in anhydrobiotic organisms,in“Membranes, Metabolism and Dry Organisms”, A.C. Leopold, ed., Comstock Publishing Associates, Ithaca and London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crowe, L.M. and Crowe, J.H. (1986b), Hydration-dependent phase transitions and permeability properties of biological membranes,in“Membranes, Metabolism and Dry Organisms”, A.C. Leopold, ed., Comstock Publishing Associates, Ithaca and London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crowe, J.H., Crowe, L.M., Carpenter, J.F. and Wistrom, A. (1987), Stabilization of dry phospholipid bilayers and proteins by sugars,Biochem. J.242,1.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Czabator, F.J . (1962), Germination value: An index combining speed and completeness of pine seed germination,For. Sci., 8:386.

    Google Scholar 

  • Devey, R.M. (1989), Some studies on the storage behaviour ofCamelIia sinensis(tea) seeds, Unpublished M.Sc. Thesis, University of Natal, Durban.

    Google Scholar 

  • Devey, R.M., Pammenter, N.W. and Berjak, P. (1986), Recalcitrance inCamellia sinensis,Proc.Electron Microsc.Soc. South. Afr.16:97.

    Google Scholar 

  • Devey, R.M., Pammenter, N.W. and Berjak, P. (1987), Comparison of the fate of cotyledonary reserves during storage and germination of recalcitrant tea seeds,Proc. Electron. Microsc. Soc. South Afr.., 17,103.

    Google Scholar 

  • Farrant, J.M., Berjak, P. and Pammenter, N.W. (1985), The effect of drying rate on viability retention of recalcitrant propagules ofAvicennia marina,S. Afr. J. Bot., 51:432.

    Google Scholar 

  • Farrant, J.M., Pammenter, N.W. and Berjak, P. (1986), The increasing desiccation sensitivity of recalcitrantAvicennia marinaseeds with storage time,Physiol. PIant, 67:291.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Farrant, J.M., Pammenter, N.W. and Berjak, P. (1988a), Recalcitrance — a current assessment,Seed Sci. & Technol., 16: 155.

    Google Scholar 

  • Farrant, J.M., Pammenter, N.W. and Berjak, P. (1988b), Development of the recalcitrant seeds ofAvicennia marina,Proc.Electron Microsc.Soc.South.Afr., 18: 109.

    Google Scholar 

  • Farrant, J.M. Pammenter, N.W. and Berjak, P. (1989), Germination- associated events and the desiccation sensitivity of recalcitrant seeds. a study on three unrelated species,PIanta, 178: 189.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gaber, B.P., Chandrasekhar, I. and Pattabiraman, N.L (1986), The interaction of trehalose with the phospholipid bilayer: a molecular modeling study,in“Membranes, Metabolism and Dry Organisms”, A.C. Leopold, ed., Comstock Publishing Associates, Ithaca and London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hallam, N.D. (1972), Embryogenesis and germination in rye (Secale cereale). I. Fine structure of the developing embryo,Planta, 104: 157.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hoekstra, F.A. and Van Roekel, T. (1988), Desiccation tolerance of Papaver dubium L. pollen during its development in the anther,Plant Physiol., 88:626.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • King, M.W. and Roberts, E.H. (1980), Maintenance of recalcitrant crop seeds in storage,in“Recalcitrant Crop Seeds”, H.F. Chin and E.H. Roberts, eds, Tropical Press SDN.BDH, Kuala Lumpur.

    Google Scholar 

  • King, M.W. and Roberts, E.H. (1982), The imbibed storage of cocoa(Theobroma cacao) seeds,Seed Sci. & Technol., 10:535.

    Google Scholar 

  • Klein, S. and Pollock, B.M. (1968), Cell fine structure of developing lima beans related to desiccation,Amer. J. Bot., 55,658.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Koster, K.L. and Leopold, A.C. (1988), Sugars and desiccation tolerance in seeds,Plant Physiol., 88:829.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Leopold, A.C. and Vertucci, C.W. (1986), Physical attributes of desiccated seeds,in“Membranes, Metabolism and Dry Organisms”, A.C. Leopold, ed., Comstock Publishing Associates, Ithaca and London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Normah, M.N., Chin, H.F. and Hor, Y.L. (1986), Desiccation and cryopreservation of embryonic axes ofHevea brasiliensisMuell. - Arg.,Pertanika9:299.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pammenter, N.W., Farrant, J.M. and Berjak, P. (1984), Recalcitrant seeds: Short-term storage effects inAvicennia marina(Forsk.) Vierh. may be germination-associated,Ann. Bot., 54:843.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pritchard, H.W. and Prendergast, F.G. (1986), Effects of desiccation and cryopreservation on thein vitroviability of embryos of the recalcitrant seed speciesAraucaria hunsteiniiK. Shum.,J. exp. Bot., 37:1388.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Probert, R.J. and Longley, P.L. (1989), Recalcitrant seed storage physiology in three aquatic grasses (Zizania palustris, Spartina angIicaandPorteresia coarctata),Ann. Bot.63:53.

    Google Scholar 

  • Report of the ISTA Seed Moisture Committee (1989),Proc. 22nd ISTA Congress, Edinburgh.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roberts, E.H. (1973), Predicting the storage life of seeds,Seed Sci. & Technol., 1:499.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roberts, E.H. and King, M.W. (1980), The characteristics of recalcitrant seeds,in“Recalcitrant Crop Seeds”, H.F. Chin and E.H. Roberts, eds, Tropical Press SDN.BDH, Kuala Lumpur.

    Google Scholar 

  • Timasheff, S.N. (1982), Preferential interactions in protein-water-cosolvent systems,in“Biophysocs of Water”, F. Franks and S. Mathias, eds, Wiley, Chischester.

    Google Scholar 

  • Timson, J. (1965), A new method of recording germination data,Nature, 207:216.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tompsett, P.B. (1982), The effect of desiccation on the longevity of seeds of Araucaria hunsteinii and A. cunninghamii,Ann. Bot.,50:693.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tompsett, P.B. (1984),Desiccation studies in relation to the storage ofAraucariaseed,Ann. appl. Biol., 105:581.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tompsett, P.B. (1987), Desiccation and storage studies onDipterocarpusseeds, Ann. appl. Biol., 110:371.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vertucci, C.W. and Leopold, A.C. (1987), The relationship between water binding and desiccation tolerance in tissues,Plant Physiol., 85:232.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Williams, R.J. and Leopold, A.C. (1989), The glassy state in corn embryos,Plant Physiol., 89: 977.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1989 Plenum Press, New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Berjak, P., Farrant, J.M., Pammenter, N.W. (1989). The Basis of Recalcitrant Seed Behaviour. In: Taylorson, R.B. (eds) Recent Advances in the Development and Germination of Seeds. NATO ASI Series, vol 187. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0617-7_8

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0617-7_8

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-7894-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-0617-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics