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Brain Recognition Sites for Methylphenidate and the Amphetamines

Their Relationship to the Dopamine Transport Complex, Glucoreceptors, and Serotonergic Neurotransmission in the Central Nervous System

  • Chapter
Application of Basic Neuroscience to Child Psychiatry

Abstract

The stimulants methylphenidate, cocaine, and amphetamine remain among the most widely abused psychotropic drugs. However, amphetamine has long been considered a prototypic anorectic agent and, in the past, was used in the treatment of obesity. Although amphetamine has been used as a therapeutic agent, amphetamine can be a potent psychotomimetic, and tolerance can develop to its anorectic effects. Consequently, the medical use of amphetamine has now been restricted to narcolepsy and childhood hyperkinesis. Methylphenidate is currently used in the treatment of attention-deficit disorder and minimal brain dysfunction in children to increase attention span and reduce hyperactivity. Methylphenidate also has been proposed as an antidepressant and can potentiate conventional antidepressant medications in patients suffering from atypical depression. Nevertheless, there is widespread illicit use of psychostimulants, in particular, because of the euphoriant and fatigue-reducing effects of methylphenidate, cocaine, and various amphetamine compounds.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. San Diego Veterans Administration Medical Center, and Department of Psychiatry, University of California-San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, 92093, USA

    Richard L. Hauger

  2. Department of Biology, Laboratoires d’Etudes de Recherches Synthelabo, 75013, Paris, France

    Itzchak Angel

  3. Research Service, Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Administration Medical Center, and Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, 97207, USA

    Aaron Janowsky

  4. Clinical Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA

    Paul Berger & Bridget Hulihan-Giblin

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  1. Veterans Administration Medical Center, Washington, D.C., USA

    Stephen I. Deutsch

  2. Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, D.C, USA

    Stephen I. Deutsch

  3. Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel

    Abraham Weizman  & Ronit Weizman  & 

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Hauger, R.L., Angel, I., Janowsky, A., Berger, P., Hulihan-Giblin, B. (1990). Brain Recognition Sites for Methylphenidate and the Amphetamines. In: Deutsch, S.I., Weizman, A., Weizman, R. (eds) Application of Basic Neuroscience to Child Psychiatry. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0525-5_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0525-5_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

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