Abstract
Neural transplantation, in recent years, has attracted the attention of many individuals in the field of neuroscience. Contrary to the notion held by many investigators, who have Just entered into this field of research, transplantation of neural tissues has a long and multifaceted history. The early investigators, with their relatively unsophisticated histological methods and instruments of observation, were able to distinguish various histological characteristics of viability, differentiation, necrosis, and degeneration of the neural transplants. Their critical, insightful, and well-documented observations, strewn unobtrusively in the literature, provide an important basis for various conceptualizations. These along with the findings made by some investigators recently, and various considerations on technical aspects of neural transplantation are presented in this chapter.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Adams, C. W. M. (1965). Histochemistry of the cells in the nervous system. In: Neuro-histochemistry. Adams, C. W. M. (ed.). Amsterdam/London/New York: Elsevier, pp. 253–331.
Altobelli, R. (1914). Innesti cerebrali. Gazz. Int. Med. Chir. 17, 25–34.
Berry, M., Eayrs, J. T. (1963). Histoenesis of the cerebral cortex. Nature 197, 884–885.
Björklund, A., Stenevi, U., Svendgaard, N. A. (1976). Growth of transplanted monoaminergic neurons into the adult hippocampus along the perforant path. Nature (London) 262, 787–790.
Brasko, J., Das, G. D. (1982). Transplantation of neural tissues from neonatal Donor rats into the cerebellum of the host animals. Anat. Rec. 202, 21A.
Bueker, E. D. (1943). Intracentral and peripheral factors in the Differentiation of motor neurons in transplanted lumbo-sacral cords of chick embryos. J. Exp. Zool. 93, 99–129.
Burr, H. S. (1916). Regeneration in the brain of Amblystoma. I. The regeneration of the forebrain. J. Comp. Neurol. 26, 203–211.
Burr, H. S. (1920). The transplantation of the cerebral hemispheres of Amblystoma. J. Exp. Zool. 30, 159–169.
Demente, C. D. (1963). Regeneration in the vertebrate central nervous system. In: International Review of Neurobiology, Vol. 6. Pfeiffer, C. C., Smythies, I. R. (eds.). New York/London: Academic Press, pp. 257–301.
Das, G. D. (1973). Transplantation of cerebellar tissue in the cerebellum of neonate rabbits. Brain Res. 50, 170–173.
Das, G. D. (1974). Transplantation of embryonic neural tissue in the mammalian brain. I. Growth and Differentiation of neuroblasts from various regions of the embryonic brain in the cerebellum of neonate rats. TIT J. Life Sci. 4, 93–124.
Das, G. D. (1975). Differentiation of Dendrites in the transplanted neuroblasts in the mammalian brain. In: Advances in Neurology: Physiology and Pathology of Dendrites, Vol. 12. Kreutzberg, G. W. (ed.). New York: Raven Press, pp. 181–199.
Das, G. D. (1982a). Extraparenchymal neural transplants: Their cytology and survivability. Brain Res. 241, 182–186.
Das, G. D. (1982b). Neural transplantation in the spinal cord of the adult animals. In: Spinal Cord Reconstruction. Kao, C. C., Bunge, R. P., Reier, P. J. (eds.). New York: Raven Press, pp. 367–396.
Das, G. D., Altman, J. (1971). The fate of transplanted precursors of nerve cells in the cerebellum of young rats. Science 173, 637–638.
Das, G. D., Altman, J. (1972). Studies on the transplantation of Developing neural tissue in the mammalian brain I. Transplantation of cerebellar slabs into the cerebellum of neonate rats. Brain Res. 38, 233–249.
Das, G. D., Hallas, B. H. (1978). Transplantation of brain tissue in the brain of adult rat. Experientia 34, 1304–1306.
Das, G. D., Hallas, B. H., Das, K. G. (1979). Transplantation of neural tissues in the brains of laboratory mammals: Technical Details and comments. Experientia 35, 143–153.
Das, G. D., Hallas, B. H., Das, K. G. (1980). Transplantation of brain tissue in the brain of rat. I. Growth characteristics of neocortical transplants from embryos of Different ages. Am. J. Anat. 158, 135–145.
Das, G. D., Houlé, J. D., Brasko, J., Das, K. G. (1982a). Freezing of neural tissues and their transplantation in the brain of rats: Technical Details and histological observations. In press.
Das, G. D., Houlé, J. D., Oblinger, M. M., Ross, D. T., Brasko, J., Das, K. G. (1982b). Neural transplantation: Survival, Growth and Differentiation of neural transplants from Different regions of neuraxis of embryos of Different ages. In preparation.
Das, G. D., Ross, D. T. (1982). Stereotaxic technique for transplantation of neural tissues in the brain of adult rats. Experientia 38, 848–850.
Del Conte, G. (1907). Einpflanzungen von embryonalem Gewebe ins Gehern. Beitr. Pathol. Anat. 42, 193–201.
Detwiler, S. R. (1923). Experiments on the transplantation of the spinal cord in Amblystoma and their bearing upon the stimuli involved in Differentiation of nerve cells. J. Exp. Zool. 37, 339–393.
Detwiler, S. R. (1925). The results of substituting an extraneous medulla for the cephalic end of the embryonic spinal cord in Amblystoma. J. Exp. Zool. 41, 293–347.
Detwiler, S. R. (1927). The transplantation of the medulla oblongata into the brachial region of the cord in Amblystoma embryos. J. Comp. Neurol. 43, 143–158.
Detwiler, S. R. (1943). Unilateral substitution of the brachial region of the spinal cord by the corresponding half of the medulla in Amblystoma. J. Exp. Zool. 92, 247–261.
Detwiler, S. R. (1946). A quantitative study of locomotion in larval Amblystoma following either midbrain or forebrain excision. J. Exp. Zool. 102, 321–332.
Detwiler, S. R. (1948). Further quantitative studies on locomotor capacity of larval Amblystoma following surgical procedures upon the embryonic brain. J. Exp. Zool. 108, 45–74.
Detwiler, S. R. (1949a). The responses of Amblystoma larvae with the midbrain replaced by a supernumerary medulla. J. Exp. Zool. 110, 321–335.
Detwiler, S. R. (1949b). The swimming capacity of Amblystoma larvae following reversal of the embryonic hindbrain. J. Exp. Zool. 111, 79–93.
Detwiler, S. R. (1964). Neuroembryology. An Experimental Study. New York/London: Hafner (reprinted).
Dunn, E. H. (1917). Primary and secondary findings in a series of attempts to transplant cerebral cortex in the albino rat. J. Comp. Neurol. 27, 565–582.
Glees, P. (1955). Studies on cortical regeneration with special reference to cerebral implants. In: Regeneration in the Central Nervous System. Windle, W. F. (ed.). Springfield, III.: Charles C. Thomas, pp. 94–111.
Greene, H. S. N. (1943). The heterologous transplantation of embryonic mammalian tissues. Cancer Res. 3, 809–822.
Greene, H. S. N. (1955). The use of transplanted tissues in biology and histology. In: In Vivo Techniques in Histology. Bourne, G. H. (ed.). Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, pp. 80–112.
Greene, H. S. N., Arnold, H. (1945). The homologous and heterologous transplantation of brain and brain tumors. J. Neurosurg. 2, 315–331.
Hallas, B. H., Das, G. D., Das, K. G. (1980a). Transplantation of brain tissue in the brain of rat. II. Growth characteristics of neocortical transplants in hosts of Different ages. Am. J. Anat. 158, 147–159.
Hallas, B. H., Oblinger, M. M., Das, G. D. (1980b). Heterotopic neural transplants in the cerebellum of the rat: Their afferents. Brain Res. 196, 242–246.
Hicks, S. P., D’Amato, C. J. (1968). Cell migration to the isocortex in the rat. Anat. Rec. 160, 619–634.
Hooker, D. (1917). Studies on regeneration in the spinal cord. II. The effect of reversal of a portion of the spinal cord at the stage of closed neural folds on the healing of the cord wounds, on the polarity of the elements of the cord and on the behavior of frog embryos. J. Comp. Neurol. 27, 421–449.
Houlé, J. D., Das, G. D. (1980a). Freezing and transplantation of brain tissue in rats. Experientia 36, 1114–1115.
Houlé, J. D., Das, G. D. (1980b). Freezing of embryonic neural tissue and its transplantation in the rat brain. Brain Res. 192, 570–574.
Hutchinson, C. (1936). Reconstitution in the nervous system following unilateral reversal of the Dorsoventral axis in part of the spinal cord of Amblystoma punctatum. J. Comp. Neurol. 63, 465–487.
Kao, C. C. (1974). Comparison of healing process in transected spinal cords Grafted with autologous brain tissue, sciatic nerve, and nodose Ganglion. Exp. Neurol. 44, 424–439.
Kao, C. C., Chang, L. W., Bloodworth, J. M. B. (1977). Axonal regeneration across transected mammalian spinal cords: An electron microscopic study of Delayed microsurgical nerve Grafting. Exp. Neurol. 54, 591–615.
Kirsche, W. (1965). Regenerative Vorgänge in Gehirn und Rückenmark. Ergeb. Anat. Entwickl.-Gesch. 38, 143–194.
Largiadér, F. (1970). Terminology and Definitions. In: Organ Transplantation. Largiadér, F. (ed.). Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag, pp. 13–17.
Le Gros Clark, W. E. (1940). Neuronal Differentiation in implanted foetal cortical tissue. J. Neurol. Psychiatr. (London) 3, 263–272.
Le Gros Clark, W. E. (1942). The problem of neuronal regeneration in the central nervous system. I. The influence of spinal Ganglia and nerve fragments Grafted in the brain. J. Anat. (London) 77, 20–48.
Le Gros Clark, W. E. (1943). The problem of neuronal regeneration in the central nervous system. II. The insertion of peripheral nerve stumps into the brain. J. Anat. (London) 77, 251–259.
Lund, R. D., Hauschka, S. D. (1976). Transplanted neural tissue Develops connections with host rat brain. Science 193, 582–584.
Medawar, P. B. (1948). Immunity to homologous Grafted skin. III. The fate of skin homografts transplanted to the brain, to subcutaneous tissue, and to the anterior chamber of the eye. Brit. J. Exp. Pathol. 29, 58–69.
Oblinger, M. M. (1981). Afferent and efferent connectivity of neocortical transplants in the cerebellar hemisphere of the rat: A study of age Differences in neuro-plasticity. Ph.D. Thesis, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.
Oblinger, M. M., Das, G. D. (1982). Connectivity of neural transplants in adult rats: Analysis of afferents and efferents of neocortical transplants in the cerebellar hemisphere. Brain Res. 249, 31–49.
Oblinger, M. M., Hallas, B. H., Das, G. D. (1980). Neocortical transplants in the cerebellum of the rat: Their afferents and efferents. Brain Res. 189, 228–232.
Piatt, J. (1949a). A study of the Development of fiber tracts in the brain of Amblystoma after excision or inversion of embryonic Di-mesencephalic region. J. Comp. Neurol. 90, 47–94.
Piatt, J. (1949b). Heterotopic transplantation of brachial cord segments followed by re-implantation into the orthotopic site. J. Exp. Zool. 111, 1–26.
Raju, S., Grogan, J. B. (1977). Immunologic study of the brain as a privileged site. Transplant. Proc. 9, 1187–1191.
Ramony Cajal, S. (1959). Degeneration and Regeneration of the Nervous System, Vols. I and II. Translated and edited by R. M. May. New York: Hafner (reprinted).
Ranson, S. W. (1914). Transplantation of the spinal Ganglion, with observations on the significance of the complex types of spinal Ganglion cells. J. Comp. Neurol. 24, 547–558.
Richardson, P. M., Mcguiness, U. M., Aguayo, A. J. (1980). Axons from CNS neurones regenerate into PNS Grafts. Nature (London) 284, 264–265.
Roach, F. C. (1945). Differentiation of the central nervous system after axial reversals of the medullary late of Amblystoma. J. Exp. Zool. 99, 53–77.
Rosenstein, J. M., Brightman, M. W. (1978). Intact cerebral ventricle as a site for tissue transplantation. Nature (London) 276, 83–85.
Ross, D. T., Das, G. D. (1982). Lesion size and position influence the magnitude of retinal afferent ingrowth to neocortical transplants. Anat. Rec. 202, 161A.
Saltykow, D. (1905). Versuche über Gehirnreplantation, zugleich ein Beitrag zur Kenntniss reactiver Vorgänge an den zelligen Gehirnelementen. Arch. Psychiatr. (Berlin) 40, 329–388.
Schmidt, R. H., Björklund, A., Stenevi, U. (1981). Intracerebral Grafting of Dissociated CNS tissue suspensions: A new approach for neuronal transplantation to Deep brain sites. Brain Res. 218, 347–356.
Severinghaus, A. E. (1930). Cellular proliferation in heterotopic spinal cord Grafts. J. Comp. Neurol. 51, 237–270.
Spector, R. G. (1965). The Developing nervous system. In: Neurohistochemistry. Adams, C. W. M. (ed.). Amsterdam/London/New York: Elsevier, pp. 239–252.
Stenevi, U., Björklund, A., Svendgaard, N. A. (1976). Transplantation of central and peripheral monoamine neurons to the adult rat brain: Techniques and conditions for survival. Brain Res. 114, 1–20.
Thompson, W. G. (1890). Successful brain grafting. N.Y. Med. J. 51, 701–702.
Tidd, C. W. (1932). The transplantation of spinal Ganglion in the white rat. A study of morphological changes in the surviving cells. J. Comp. Neurol. 55, 531–543.
Wenger, E. L. (1950). An experimental analysis of relations between parts of the brachial spinal cord of the embryonic chick. J. Exp. Zool. 114, 51–86.
Wenzel, J., Bärlehner, E. (1969). Zur Regeneration des Cortex cerebri bei Mus musculus. II. Morphologische Befunde regenerativer Vorgänge nach Replantation eines Cortexabschnittes. Z. Mikro.-Anat. Forschung. 81, 32–70.
Wenzel, J., Bärlehner, E., Wenzel, M., Ilius, D. (1969). Zur Regeneration des Cortex cerebi bei Mus musculus. I. Morphologische Befunde regenerativer Vorgänge nach Exstirpation eines Cortexabschnites. Z. Mikro.-Anat. Forschung. 81, 1–31.
Willis, R. A. (1935). Experiments on the intracerebral implantation of embryo tissues in rats. Proc. Roy. Soc. (London), Series B, 117, 400–412.
Woodruff, M. F. A. (1960). The Transplantation of Tissues and Organs. Springfield, III.: Charles C. Thomas, pp. 318–346.
Yamamoto, M., Chan-Palay, V., Steinbusch, H. W. M., Palay, S. L. (1980). Hyperinner-vation of arrested granule cells produced by the transplantation of monoamine-containing neurons into the fourth ventricle of rat. Anat. Embryol. 159, 1–15.
Zacharias, L. R. (1938). An analysis of cellular proliferation in grafted segments of embryonic spinal cords. J. Exp. Zool. 78, 135–157.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1983 Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Das, G.D. (1983). Neural Transplantation in Mammalian Brain: Some Conceptual and Technical Considerations. In: Wallace, R.B., Das, G.D. (eds) Neural Tissue Transplantation Research. Proceedings in Life Sciences. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5539-0_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5539-0_1
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-5541-3
Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-5539-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive