Abstract
The pathomorphological background of benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) appears to be simple and definite: the prostate increases in size and thus can form a mechanical obstruction to bladder outflow during voiding. The development of urodynamic methods for measuring and objectifying bladder voiding function was expected to provide a simple quantitative analysis of the pathophysiological function of prostatic obstruction. Urodynamics in combination with the established procedures of clinical examinations then should allow a precise and complete understanding of BPH. The typical clinical approach, based on considerable experience and a large quantity of data, is the identification of significant symptomatic, morphological, and functional entities and their pathophysiological correlation. In general this is supported by statistical methods as a control for empirical judgment.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Abrams PH, Skidmore R, Poole AC, Follett D: The concept and measurement of bladder work. Br J Urol 49: 133–138, 1977
Alpert NR, Hamrell BB, Halpern W: Mechanical and biochemical correlates of cardiac hypertrophy. Circ Res 35 (Suppl 2): 71–82, 1974
Berg S: Vesical contractility. I. The force-velocity relationship as an index of contractility. Invest Urol 9: 431–439, 1972
Brent L, Stephens FD: The response of smooth muscle cells in the rabbit urinary bladder to outflow obstruction. Invest Urol 12: 494–502, 1975
Brent L, Stephens FD: A quantitative study of smooth muscle cells in reflux, obstructed, and triad bladders. Invest Urol 12: 503–508, 1975
Coolsaet BLRA: Detrusor energy factors. In Hinman F Jr (ed.): Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy. Springer-Verlag, New York, 1983, pp 443–449
Drolet R, Kunov H: On the peripheral bladder control system of the dog and urodynamics: in vivo characterisation and hybrid computer simulation. Med Biol Eng 7: 40–55, 1975
Von Garrelts B: Intravesical pressure and urinary flow during micturition in normal subjects. Acta Chir Scand 114: 49–66, 1957
Von Garrelts B: Micturition in normal males. Acta Chir Scand 114: 197–210, 1957
Gee WF, Kiviat MD: Ureteral response to partial obstruction. Invest Urol 12: 309–316, 1975
Gleason DM, Bottaccini MR, Drach GW: Urodynamics. J Urol 115: 356–361, 1976
Gordon AR, Siegman MJ: Mechanical properties of smooth muscle. I. Length-tension and force-velocity relations. II. Active state. Am J Physiol 221: 1243–1254, 1971
Gosling J A, Dixon JS: The structure and innervation of trabeculated detrusor smooth muscle. Proceedings of the IXth Annual Meeting of ICS, Rome, 1979
Gosling J A, Dixon JS: Structure of trabeculated detrusor smooth muscle in case of prostatic hypertrophy. Urol Int 35: 351–355, 1980
Griffiths DJ: The mechanics of the urethra and of micturition. Br J Urol 45: 497–507, 1973
Griffiths DJ, van Mastrigt R, van Duyl WA, Coolsaet BLRA: Active properties of the smooth muscle of the urinary bladder. Med Biol Eng Comput 17: 281–290, 1979
Hill AV: The heat of shortening and the dynamic constants of muscle. Proc Roy Soc Biol 126: 136–195, 1938
Jakse G, Hoffstadter F: Changes in the bladder wall muscle associated with benign prostatic hypertrophy. Urol Res 5: 149–152, 1977
Kondo A, Susset JG: Physical properties of the urinary detrusor muscle. J Biomech 6: 141–151, 1973
Mayo ME, Lloyd-Davies RW, Shuttleworth KED, Tighe JR: The damaged human detrusor: functional and electron microscopic changes in disease. Br J Urol 45: 116–125, 1973
Mayo ME, Hinman F: Structure and function of the rabbit bladder altered by chronic obstruction or cystitis. Invest Urol 14: 6–9, 1976
Rutishauser G, Graber P: Normal micturition. In Lutzeyer W, Melchior H (eds.): Urodynamics: Upper and Lower Urinary Tract. Springer-Verlag, New York, 1973
Schäfer W: A new approach to the dynamics of the lower urinary tract. Digest 11th ICMBE, Ottawa, 1976
Schäfer W: A computing unit for the analysis of micturition. Digest 11th ICMBE, Ottawa, 1976
Schäfer W: The bladder-working-function. Proceedings of the Vlth Annual Meeting of ICS, Antwerp, 1976
Schäfer W: Eine physiologische Methode zur Beschriebung der Druck/Flow-Beziehung während der Miktion. Biomed Technik 21: 11–12, 1976
Schäfer W: The contribution of the bladder outlet to the relation between pressure and flow rate during micturition. In Hinman F Jr (ed.): Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy. Springer-Verlag, New York, 1983, pp 470–496
Stegeman J: Leistungsphysiologie. G Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, 1971
Stephens FD: Idiopathic dilatations of the urinary tract. J Urol 112: 819–822, 1974
Sundblad R: Urinary bladder dynamics in women. Scand J Urol Nephrol [Suppl] 6, 1971
Susset JG, Servot-Viguier D, Laray F, Madernas P, Black R: Collagen in 155 human bladders. Invest Urol 16: 204–210, 1978
Turner Warwick R, Whiteside CG, Arnold EP, Bates CP, Worth PHL, Milroy EGJ, Webster JR, Weir J: A urodynamic view of prostatic obstruction and the results of prostatectomy. Br J Urol 45: 631–645, 1973
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1983 Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Schäfer, W. (1983). Detrusor as the Energy Source of Micturition. In: Hinman, F., Boyarsky, S. (eds) Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5476-8_43
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5476-8_43
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-5478-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-5476-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive