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Sources, Amounts, and Forms of Alkali Elements in Soils

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Advances in Soil Science

Part of the book series: Advances in Soil Science ((SOIL,volume 6))

Abstract

The elements Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, and Fr constitute group 1A of the periodic table and are collectively referred to as the alkali metals or alkalies. Stable isotopes of all these elements except Fr exist in soils; they are 6Li, 7Li, 23Na, 39K, 41K, 85Rb, and 133Cs. Of the various radioactive isotopes of the alkali metals, the artificial isotope 137Cs and the natural isotopes 40K and 87Rb are the main ones found in soils. There are several isotopes of Fr but only the radioactive isotope 223Fr from the α decay of Ac occurs naturally. Inasmuch as only 1.2% of the Ac undergoing radioactive decay yields Fr and the half-life of this isotope of Fr is only 21 min, however, even the existence of Fr in soils has been difficult to establish. Some work on the geochemistry of Fr and the contribution of Fr to the radioactivity of soils has been reported (Maddock, 1963), but this element is not considered further here.

Journal Paper No. J-12134 of the Iowa Agriculture Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames, Iowa. Project No. 2692

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  1. A. D. Scott
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  2. S. J. Smith
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  1. USDA Conservation & Production Research Laboratory, 79012, Bushland, Texas, USA

    B. A. Stewart

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Scott, A.D., Smith, S.J. (1987). Sources, Amounts, and Forms of Alkali Elements in Soils. In: Stewart, B.A. (eds) Advances in Soil Science. Advances in Soil Science, vol 6. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4682-4_3

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