Skip to main content

Abstract

A consensus has emerged in recent years regarding the development and utilization of learning skills in early and middle childhood: Strategy use is limited by domain boundaries as well as by available knowledge within each domain (cf. Weinert & Kluwe, 1987). A comforting result of this consensus is that the commonplace failure to find strategy transfer—which has plagued the field of cognitive development for two decades (Borkowski & Cavanaugh, 1979; Campione & Brown, 1977)—is much less problematic. That is, the relentless search during the 1970s for the widespread generalization of learning skills is rendered less feasible and, perhaps less interesting, by research and theory on the domain-specificity of strategy use.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Asarnow, J., & Meichenbaum, D. (1979). Verbal rehearsal and serial recall: The mediational training of kindergarten children. Child Development, 50, 1173–1177.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Belmont, J. M. (1978). Individual differences in memory: The cases of normal and retarded development. In M. M. Gruneberg & P. Morris (Eds.), Practical aspects of memory (pp. 153–185). London: Methuen.

    Google Scholar 

  • Belmont, J., & Borkowski, J. G. (1988). A group test of children’s metamemorial knowledge. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 26, 206–208.

    Google Scholar 

  • Belmont, J. M., Ferretti, R. P., & Mitchell, D. W. (1982). Memorizing: A test of untrained retarded children’s problem solving. American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 87, 197–210.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Borkowski, J. G., & Cavanaugh, J. (1979). Maintenance and generalization of skills and strategies by the retarded. In Norman Ellis’ (Ed.), Handbook of Mental Deficiency (2nd ed.) (pp. 569–617). Hillsdale, N.J.: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Borkowski, J. G., & Kurtz, B. E. (1987). Metacognition and executive processes in special children. In J. G. Borkowski & J. D. Day (Eds.), Cognition in special children: Comparative approaches to retardation, learning disabilities, and giftedness (pp. 123–152). Norwood, NJ: Ablex.

    Google Scholar 

  • Borkowski, J. G., Millstead, M., & Hale, C.(1988). Components of children’s meta-memory: Implications for strategy generalization. In F. Weinert & M. Perlmutter (Eds.), Memory development: Individual differences and universal changes (pp. 73–100). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Borkowski, J. G., & Peck, V. (1986). Causes and consequences of metamemory in gifted children. In R. Sternberg & J. Davidson (Eds.), Conceptions of giftedness (pp. 182–200). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Borkowski, J. G., & Varnhagen, C. K. (1984). Transfer of learning strategies: A contrast of self-instructional and traditional formats with EMR children. American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 88, 369–379.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, A. L., Bransford, J. D., Ferrara, R. A., & Campione, J. C. (1983). Learning, remembering, and understanding. In J. H. Flavell & E. M. Markwen (Eds.), Carmichael’s manual of child psychology (pp. 515–529), New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown, A. L., Campione, J. C., & Barclay, C. R. (1979). Training self-checking routines for estimating test readiness: Generalizing from list learning to prose recall. Child Development, 50, 501–512.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, A. L., & Palincsar, A. S. (1987). Reciprocal teaching of comprehension strategies: A natural history of one program for enhancing learning. In J. D. Day & J. G. Borkowski (Eds.). Intelligence and exceptionality (pp. 81–132). Norwood, NJ: Ablex.

    Google Scholar 

  • Butterfield, E. C., & Belmont, J. M. (1977). Assessing and improving the executive cognitive functions of mentally retarded people. In I. Bialer & M. Sterlicht (Eds.), Psychological issues in mental retardation (pp. 277–318). New York: Psychological Dimensions.

    Google Scholar 

  • Campione, J. C., & Brown, A. L. (1977). Memory and metamemory development in educable retarded children. In R. V. Kail, Jr., & J. W. Hagen (Eds.), Perspectives on the development of memory and cognition (pp. 367–406). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Day, J. D., & Hall, L. K. (1987). Cognitive assessment, intelligence and instruction. In J. D. Day & J. G. Borkowski (Eds.), Intelligence and exceptionality (pp. 57–80) Norwood, NJ: Ablex.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dweck, C. S. (1975). The role of expectations and attributions in the alleviation of Learned Helplessness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 31, 674–685.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dweck, C. (1987), April). Children’s theories of intelligence: Implications for motivation and learning. Paper presented at the annual meetings of AERA, Washington, D.C.

    Google Scholar 

  • Flavell, J. H., & Wellman, H. M. (1977). Metamemory. In R. V. Kail and J. W. Hagen (Eds.), Perspectives on the development of memory and cognition. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hale, C., Turner, L., Rellinger, L., Bados, M., & Borkowski, J. G. (1988). The development of memory processes in retarded and nonretarded adolescents. Paper presented at the Gatlinburg Conference on Research and Theory in Mental Retardation, Gatlinburg, TN.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kurtz, B., & Borkowski, J. G. (1984). Children’s metacognition: Exploring relations among knowledge, process, and motivational variables. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 37, 335–354.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kurtz, B. E., & Borkowski, J. G. (1987). Metacognition and the development of strategic skills in impulsive and reflective children. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 43, 129–148.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Marsh, H. W. (1986). Verbal and math self-concepts: An internal-external frame of reference model. American Educational Research Journal, 23, 129–150.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meichenbaum, D., & Goodman, J. (1971). Training impulsive children to talk to themselves: A means of developing self-control. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 77, 115–126.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pressley, M., Borkowski, J. G., & O’Sullivan, J. T. (1985) Memory strategies are made of this: Metamemory and strategy instruction. Educational Psychologist, 19, 94–107.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reid, M. K., & Borkowski, J. G. (1987). Causal attributions of hyperactive children: Implications for training strategies and self-control. Journal of Educational Psychology, 79, 296–307.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sternberg, R. J. (1985). Beyond IQ: A triarchic theory of intelligence. New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sternberg, R. J. (1987). A unified theory of intellectual exceptionality. In J. D. Day and J. G. Borkowski (Eds.). Intelligence and exceptionality (pp. 135–172). Norwood, NJ: Ablex.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sternberg, R. J., & Davidson, J. E. (1986). Conceptions of giftedness. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weinert, F., & Kluwe, R. (1987). Metacognition, motivation, and performance. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1990 Springer-Verlag New York Inc.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Borkowski, J.G., Turner, L.A. (1990). Transsituational Characteristics of Metacognition. In: Schneider, W., Weinert, F.E. (eds) Interactions Among Aptitudes, Strategies, and Knowledge in Cognitive Performance. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3268-1_13

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3268-1_13

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-7942-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-3268-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics