Skip to main content

Knowledge and Knowledge Acquisition for the Development of Expert Systems for Nursing

  • Chapter
Nursing and Computers

Part of the book series: Computers and Medicine ((C+M))

Abstract

Residing within the field of Artificial Intelligence, knowledge acquisition is the process of locating, collecting, and refining knowledge for the development of knowledge based systems (Harmon & King, 1985). It is the transfer of expertise from a person to the system. Knowledge is an integrated collection of facts and relationships basic to competent performance (Harmon & King, 1985). Townsend and Feucht (1986) extend the definition to include heuristics that can be used to solve problems. A common dictionary definition is that knowledge is an acquaintance with facts, truth, or principles as from study or investigation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abraham, I. L. (1986). Diagnostic discrepancy and clinical inference: A social—cognitive analysis. Genetic, Social, and General Psychology Monographs, 112, 41 – 102

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Abraham, I. L. & Fitzpatrick, J. J. (1987). Knowing for nursing practice: Patterns of knowing and their emulation in expert systems. In W. W. Stead (Ed.). Proceedings: The Eleventh Annual Symposium on Computer Applications in Medical Care. Washington, DC: The Computer Society Press

    Google Scholar 

  • Abraham, I. L. & Krowchuk, H. (1987). Heuristic aspects of clinical inference in nursing. Manuscript submitted for publication.

    Google Scholar 

  • Benner, P. (1984). From novice to expert: Excellence and power in clinical nursing practice. Menlo Park, CA: Addison-Wesley

    Google Scholar 

  • Carper, B. A. (1978). Fundamental patterns of knowing in nursing. Advances in Nursing Science, 1(1), 13 – 23

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chinn, P. L. & Jacobs, M. K. (1987). Theory and nursing: A systematic approach( 2nd ed. ). St. Louis: The C. V. Mosby Co

    Google Scholar 

  • Cooke, N. M. & McDonald, J. E. (1986). A formal methodology for acquiring and representing expert knowledge. Proceedings of the IEEE, 74, 10, 1422 – 1430

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davis, R. (1979). Interactive transfer of expertise: Acquisition of new inference rules. Artificial Intelligence, 12, 10 – 157

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fawcett, J. (1983). Hallmarks of success in nursing theory development. In P. L. Chinn (Ed.). Advances in nursing theory development(pp. 3 – 17 ). Rockville, MD: Aspen

    Google Scholar 

  • Fitzpatrick, J. J. (1987). Etiology: Conceptual concerns. In A. M. McLane, (Ed.). Classification of nursing diagnosis. St. Louis: C. V. Mosby Co

    Google Scholar 

  • Fitzpatrick, J. J. & Whall, A. (1983). Conceptual models of nursing: Analysis and application. Bowie, MD: Brady Co

    Google Scholar 

  • Flaskerud, J. H. & Halloran, E. J. (1980). Areas of agreement in nursing theory development. Advances in Nursing Science, 3(1), 1 – 7

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gortner, S. R. (1987). To build the science. In S. R. Gortner (Ed.) Nursing science methods: A reader. San Francisco: University of California

    Google Scholar 

  • Harmon, P. & King, D. (1985). Expert systems. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc

    Google Scholar 

  • Hart, A. (1986). Knowledge acquisition for expert systems. New York: McGraw—Hill

    Google Scholar 

  • Hawkins, D. (1983). An analysis of expert thinking. Int. J. Man-Machine Studies, 18, 1 – 47

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hayes-Roth, F. (1984). The knowledge—based expert system: A tutorial. Computer, September, 11 – 28

    Google Scholar 

  • Hayes-Roth, F., Waterman, D., & Lenat, D. (Eds.) (1983). Building expert systems. Reading, MA: Addison Wesley

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoffman, R. R. (1987). The problem of extracting the knowledge of experts. AI Magazine, 8(2), 53 – 67

    Google Scholar 

  • Krowchuk, H. (1987). The effects of stereotypes and diagnostic labels on the clinical inference of nurses. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Case Western Reserve University

    Google Scholar 

  • Meleis, A. (1986). Theory development and domain concepts. In P. Moccia (Ed.). New approaches to theory development(pp. 3–21 ). New York: National League for Nursing. (Pub. No. 15 – 1992 )

    Google Scholar 

  • Meleis, A. (1987). Revisions in knowledge development: A passion for substance. Scholarly Inquiry for Nursing Practice, 1(1), 5 – 19

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Michie, D. & Johnson, R. (1985). The knowledge machines: Artificial intelligence and the future of man. New York: William Morrow and Company, Inc

    Google Scholar 

  • Pan, J. Y-C. & Tenenbaum, J. M. (1986). PIES: An engineer’s do—it—yourself knowledge system for interpretation. AI Magazine, 7, 4 (Fall) 62 – 69

    Google Scholar 

  • Pylyshin, Z. (1984). Computation and cognition. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press

    Google Scholar 

  • Shuster, P., Mills, E., Davidson, L., Ransom, J. & Ross, D. (1987). How do you know? A description and analysis of four ways of knowing in nursing. Manuscript submitted for publication.

    Google Scholar 

  • Selfridge, M., Dickerson, D. J., & Biggs, S. F. (1987). Cognitive expert systems and machine learning: Artificial intelligence research at the University of Connecticut. AI Magazine, 8, 1, 75 – 79

    Google Scholar 

  • Townsend, C. & Feucht, D. (1986). Designing and programming personal expert systems. Blue Ridge Summit, PA: Tab Books, Inc

    Google Scholar 

  • Weiss, S. M. & Kulikowski, C. A. (1984). A practical guide to designing expert systems. Totowa, NJ: Rowman & Allanheld

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1998 Springer-Verlag New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Grosso, C. (1998). Knowledge and Knowledge Acquisition for the Development of Expert Systems for Nursing. In: Saba, V.K., Pocklington, D.B., Miller, K.P. (eds) Nursing and Computers. Computers and Medicine. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2182-1_21

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2182-1_21

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-7448-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-2182-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics