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MDA-7/IL-24: Multifunctional Cancer Killing Cytokine

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Anticancer Genes

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 818))

Abstract

First identified almost two decades ago as a novel gene differentially expressed in human melanoma cells induced to terminally differentiate, MDA-7/IL-24 has since shown great potential as an anti-cancer gene. MDA-7/IL24, a secreted protein of the IL-10 family, functions as a cytokine at normal physiological levels and is expressed in tissues of the immune system. At supra-physiological levels, MDA-7/IL-24 plays a prominent role in inhibiting tumor growth, invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis and was recently shown to target tumor stem/initiating cells for death. Much of the attention focused on MDA-7/IL-24 originated from the fact that it can selectively induce cell death in cancer cells without affecting normal cells. Thus, this gene originally shown to be associated with melanoma cell differentiation has now proven to be a multi-functional protein affecting a broad array of cancers. Moreover, MDA-7/IL-24 has proven efficacious in a Phase I/II clinical trial in humans with multiple advanced cancers. As research in the field progresses, we will unravel more of the functions of MDA-7/IL-24 and define novel ways to utilize MDA-7/IL-24 in the treatment of cancer.

Authors Mitchell E. Menezes and Shilpa Bhatia contributed equally to this work.

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Acknowledgments

The present studies were supported in part by National Institutes of Health grants P01 CA104177, R01 CA097318, R01 CA127641 and R01 CA168517; Department of Defense synergy grant W81XWH-10-PCRP-SIDA; National Foundation for Cancer Research; an A. David Mazzone Prostate Cancer Foundation Challenge Award; NCI Cancer Center Support Grant to VCU Massey Cancer Center; and VCU Massey Cancer Center developmental funds. D.S. and X.-Y.W. are Harrison Scholars in the VCU Massey Cancer Center. P.B.F. holds the Thelma Newmeyer Corman Chair in Cancer Research in the VCU Massey Cancer Center.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA

    Mitchell E. Menezes Ph.D., Shilpa Bhatia Ph.D., Praveen Bhoopathi Ph.D., Swadesh K. Das Ph.D., Luni Emdad Ph.D., Santanu Dasgupta Ph.D., Xiang-Yang Wang Ph.D., Devanand Sarkar Ph.D. & Paul B. Fisher M.Ph., Ph.D.

  2. VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA

    Swadesh K. Das Ph.D., Luni Emdad Ph.D., Santanu Dasgupta Ph.D., Paul Dent Ph.D., Xiang-Yang Wang Ph.D., Devanand Sarkar Ph.D. & Paul B. Fisher M.Ph., Ph.D.

  3. VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA

    Luni Emdad Ph.D., Santanu Dasgupta Ph.D., Paul Dent Ph.D., Xiang-Yang Wang Ph.D., Devanand Sarkar Ph.D. & Paul B. Fisher M.Ph., Ph.D.

  4. Department of Neurosurgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA

    Paul Dent Ph.D.

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  1. Mitchell E. Menezes Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Paul B. Fisher M.Ph., Ph.D. .

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  1. Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

    Stefan Grimm

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Menezes, M.E. et al. (2014). MDA-7/IL-24: Multifunctional Cancer Killing Cytokine. In: Grimm, S. (eds) Anticancer Genes. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 818. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-6458-6_6

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